Conventional vaccines have been widely studied, along with their risk of causing allergic reactions. These generally consist of mild local reactions and only rarely severe anaphylaxis. Although all the current COVID-19 vaccines marketed in Europe have been shown to be safe overall in the general population, early post-marketing evidence has shown that mRNA-based vaccines using novel platforms (i.e., lipid nanoparticles) were associated with an increased risk of severe allergic reactions as compared to conventional vaccines. In this paper we performed an updated literature review on frequency, risk factors, and underlying mechanisms of COVID-19 vaccine-related allergies by searching MEDLINE and Google Scholar databases. We also conducted a qualitative search on VigiBase and EudraVigilance databases to identify reports of “Hypersensitivity” and “Anaphylactic reaction” potentially related to COVID-19 vaccines (Comirnaty, Spikevax, Vaxzevria and COVID-19 Janssen Vaccine), and in EudraVigilance to estimate the reporting rates of “Anaphylactic reaction” and “Anaphylactic shock” after COVID-19 vaccination in the European population. We also summarized the scientific societies’ and regulatory agencies’ recommendations for prevention and management of COVID-19 vaccine-related allergic reactions, especially in those with a history of allergy.

常规疫苗已被广泛研究，以及它们引起过敏反应的风险。这些通常包括轻微的局部反应，很少有严重的过敏反应。尽管目前在欧洲销售的所有 COVID-19 疫苗已被证明在一般人群中总体上是安全的，但早期的上市后证据表明，使用新型平台（即脂质纳米颗粒）的基于 mRNA 的疫苗与风险增加有关与传统疫苗相比，发生严重过敏反应。在本文中，我们通过搜索 MEDLINE 和 Google Scholar 数据库，对 COVID-19 疫苗相关过敏的频率、风险因素和潜在机制进行了更新的文献综述。我们还对 VigiBase 和 EudraVigilance 数据库进行了定性搜索，以确定可能与 COVID-19 疫苗（Comirnaty、Spikevax、Vaxzevria 和 COVID-19 Janssen 疫苗）相关的“超敏反应”和“过敏反应”报告，并在 EudraVigilance 中估计欧洲人群接种 COVID-19 后“过敏反应”和“过敏性休克”的报告率。我们还总结了科学协会和监管机构对预防和管理 COVID-19 疫苗相关过敏反应的建议，尤其是那些有过敏史的人。并在 EudraVigilance 中估计欧洲人群接种 COVID-19 后“过敏反应”和“过敏性休克”的报告率。我们还总结了科学协会和监管机构对预防和管理 COVID-19 疫苗相关过敏反应的建议，尤其是那些有过敏史的人。并在 EudraVigilance 中估计欧洲人群接种 COVID-19 后“过敏反应”和“过敏性休克”的报告率。我们还总结了科学协会和监管机构对预防和管理 COVID-19 疫苗相关过敏反应的建议，尤其是那些有过敏史的人。