Gentamicin is a highly effective antibiotic. However, its major complication is nephrotoxicity. This study investigated the beneficial effects of empagliflozin against gentamicin-induced nephropathy. Kidney damage was induced in male Wistar rats by administration of gentamicin (100 mg/kg/day, i.p.) for 8 days. Two doses of empagliflozin (10 and 20 mg/kg, p.o.) were concomitantly given with gentamicin for 8 days. Gentamicin administration increased serum creatinine, urea, and cystatin C concentrations. Empagliflozin in both doses ameliorated these changes via mitigation of gentamicin-induced increase in renal oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Empagliflozin added to GM treatment led to lower measured levels of TGF-B, NF-κB and caspase 3, and only the higher dose increased PAX2 levels indicating an improvement in tubular regeneration. Additionally, empagliflozin (20 mg/kg/day) markedly prevented gentamicin-induced histopathological changes. The protective effects of empagliflozin may be mediated by decreasing gentamicin concentration in renal tissue and possibly other effects like antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects.

庆大霉素是一种高效抗生素。然而，其主要并发症是肾毒性。本研究调查了恩格列净对庆大霉素诱导的肾病的有益作用。通过给予庆大霉素（100 mg/kg/天，ip）8天在雄性Wistar大鼠中诱导肾损伤。两剂 empagliflozin（10 和 20 mg/kg，口服）与庆大霉素同时给药 8 天。庆大霉素给药增加了血清肌酐、尿素和胱抑素 C 浓度。两种剂量的恩格列净通过减轻庆大霉素诱导的肾脏氧化应激、炎症和细胞凋亡增加来改善这些变化。Empagliflozin 添加到 GM 治疗导致 TGF-B、NF-κB 和 caspase 3 的测量水平降低，并且只有较高剂量增加了 PAX2 水平，表明肾小管再生的改善。此外，empagliflozin (20 mg/kg/day) 显着防止庆大霉素诱导的组织病理学变化。