The work involves a three-dimensional numerical analysis of the buoyancy-driven heat transfer in an enclosure having four heated cylinders for Rayleigh number, Ra = 10⁴-10⁶, and Prandtl number, Pr = 0.7. An in-house direct numerical simulation code, finite volume-based immersed boundary method incorporates the inner cylinder's virtual wall boundary and computes the governing transport equations. Heat and flow characteristics at different Ra and spacing between cylinders are discussed by using three-dimensional vortices and isotherms. The effect of heat and flow on three-dimensionality and heat transfer features are captured and reported. Limitations of two-dimensional simulation for capturing the physics of the problem and the importance of the three-dimensional analysis for the present study are highlighted.

这项工作涉及对具有四个加热圆柱体的外壳中的浮力驱动传热进行三维数值分析，瑞利数 Ra = 10 ⁴ -10 ⁶，和普朗特数，Pr = 0.7。内部直接数值模拟代码、基于有限体积的浸入式边界方法结合了内筒的虚拟壁边界并计算了控制传输方程。利用三维涡旋和等温线讨论了不同Ra和圆柱间距下的热量和流动特性。捕获并报告了热量和流动对三维和传热特征的影响。强调了二维模拟在捕捉问题物理方面的局限性以及三维分析对本研究的重要性。