During the COVID-19 pandemic, many individuals are confronted with the work-from-home challenge, which often results in work-family interference. Although prior to COVID-19, the influence of traditional gender role expectations was shown to be reduced over time, it is unclear whether and how such traditional worldview might influence judgments towards men and women when family interrupted work under the threat of COVID-19. This study presented and tested competing predictions derived from the gender role theory. An experimental study with 971 adults showed that during (vs. before) COVID-19 pandemic, men were evaluated more negatively when they experienced family interruption to work compared with women. The negative evaluation further led to more punitive reactions and less support at work. The results suggested that gender role expectations reinforced the traditional status quo by punishing status-quo-breakers under the threat of COVID-19.

中文翻译：

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当家庭中断工作时：面对 COVID-19 时性别角色认知的影响

在 COVID-19 大流行期间，许多人面临着在家工作的挑战，这往往会导致工作与家庭的干扰。尽管在 COVID-19 之前，传统性别角色期望的影响被证明会随着时间的推移而减弱，但尚不清楚当家庭因 COVID-19 的威胁而中断工作时，这种传统世界观是否以及如何影响对男性和女性的判断。这项研究提出并测试了源自性别角色理论的相互竞争的预测。一项对 971 名成年人进行的实验研究表明，在 COVID-19 大流行期间（与之前相比），与女性相比，当男性因家庭工作中断而受到更负面的评价。负面评价进一步导致更多的惩罚性反应和更少的工作支持。结果表明，性别角色期望通过在 COVID-19 的威胁下惩罚现状破坏者来强化传统现状。