Social pressures to adhere to traditional feminine roles may place some women at risk of experiencing gender role discrepancy strain, when they behave, think, or feel in ways discrepant from feminine gender role expectations. The current research examines how person-level propensity to experience feminine gender-role discrepancy strain—feminine gender role stress (FGRS)—and contextual experiences of discrepancy strain—feeling less feminine in daily or weekly life—combine to undermine women’s self-esteem. After completing measures of FGRS, undergraduate women reported their feelings of femininity and self-esteem each day for 10 days (Study 1, N = 207, 1,881 daily records) or each week for 7 weeks (Study 2, N = 165, 1,127 weekly records). This repeated assessments design provided the first tests of whether within-person decreases in felt-femininity were associated with lower self-esteem, particularly for women who were higher in FGRS. Both higher FGRS and within-person decreases in daily/weekly felt-femininity were associated with lower self-esteem, but higher FGRS combined with daily/weekly decreases in felt-femininity predicted the lowest self-esteem (a person x context interaction). These results illustrate the importance of considering how person-level predispositions and contextual experiences of gender-role discrepancy strain combine to influence self-relevant outcomes for women.

坚持传统女性角色的社会压力可能会使一些女性面临性别角色差异压力的风险，因为她们的行为、思考或感觉与女性性别角色的期望不一致。目前的研究调查了个人层面的女性性别角色差异压力（女性性别角色压力（FGRS））和差异压力的情境体验（在日常生活或每周生活中感觉不那么女性化）如何结合起来破坏女性的自尊。完成 FGRS 测量后，本科女性每天报告她们的女性气质和自尊感，持续 10 天（研究 1，N  = 207，1,881 条每日记录）或每周 7 周（研究 2，N = 165，1,127 周记录）。这种重复的评估设计提供了第一个测试，即个人感觉女性气质的降低是否与自尊心降低有关，特别是对于 FGRS 较高的女性。较高的 FGRS 和个人内部每日/每周女性气质的下降都与较低的自尊相关，但较高的 FGRS 与每日/每周女性女性气质的下降相结合，预测了最低的自尊（个人 x 情境交互）。这些结果说明了考虑个人水平的倾向和性别角色差异压力的背景经验如何结合起来影响女性的自我相关结果的重要性。