Multifunctional energy integration has drawn booming attention for portable devices and wearable electronics. Self-powered energy systems are considered as advanced integrated energy systems that can harvest and store sustainable environmental energy to stably power electronics. However, achieving synergistic or matchable electrochemical performance output for energy storage device parts remains challenging, which directly restricts further energy output of self-powered energy systems. Herein, we report flexible in-plane zinc-ion hybrid capacitors (ZIHCs) with synergistic electrochemical behaviors for self-powered energy systems. By designing and optimizing asymmetric interdigitated microelectrodes with favorable structures, an optimal device capacitance of 92.5 mF cm⁻², a high energy density of 25.2 μW h cm⁻², a moderate operating voltage of 1.6 V and an outstanding cycling stability (92% capacitance retention after 10 000 cycles) are achieved for ZIHCs. Owing to the outstanding and synergistic electrochemical performance of ZIHCs, self-powered energy systems integrated with in-plane ZIHCs and triboelectric nanogenerators deliver a desirable self-charging process and exceptional discharging ability in powering various electronics in the long term. These advances illustrate a great significance of in-plane ZIHCs for future advanced energy storage applications.

中文翻译：

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用于自供电能源系统的具有协同电化学行为的柔性平面内锌离子混合电容器

多功能能量集成引起了便携式设备和可穿戴电子产品的广泛关注。自供电能源系统被认为是先进的综合能源系统，可以收集和储存可持续的环境能源，以稳定地为电子设备供电。然而，为储能设备部件实现协同或匹配的电化学性能输出仍然具有挑战性，这直接限制了自供电能源系统的进一步能量输出。在此，我们报告了用于自供电能源系统的具有协同电化学行为的柔性平面内锌离子混合电容器 (ZIHC)。通过设计和优化具有良好结构的非对称叉指微电极，最佳器件电容为 92.5 mF cm ^-2，高能量密度为 25.2 μW h cm^-2，对于 ZIHC，实现了 1.6 V 的中等工作电压和出色的循环稳定性（10 000 次循环后 92% 的电容保持率）。由于 ZIHC 的出色和协同电化学性能，与平面 ZIHC 和摩擦纳米发电机集成的自供电能源系统在长期为各种电子设备供电方面提供了理想的自充电过程和出色的放电能力。这些进展说明了平面内 ZIHC 对未来高级储能应用的重要意义。