Cellulose and chitosan have been studied for wound dressing due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, lower antigenicity, and renewability. The functional and structural characteristics of such biopolymers can be dramatically improved by their transformation into fibrous bioaerogels due to their outstanding characteristics such as low density, high porosity, and large specific surface area. Producing aerogels in the form of fibers and textiles not only can enhance mechanical properties, stiffness, and shapeability of aerogels but also lead to short drying times and scalable production processes. Hereby, wet spun chitosan-cellulose aerogel microfibers (CHCLAFs) in two ratios of 1:5 and 1:10 have been produced by supercritical CO₂ (scCO₂) drying for wound dressing application. The fibers were also loaded with ibuprofen (IBU) through post-treatment scCO₂ impregnation. CHCLAF characteristics in terms of morphology, textural properties, thermal stability, mechanical properties, and in vitro assessment such as drug release, antibacterial properties, cytotoxicity, and wound exudate uptake were analyzed and compared to pure cellulose aerogel microfibers (CLF). Blended CHCLAFs showed a low density (~ 0.18 g/cm³), high porosity (~ 85%), and large specific surface area (~ 300 m²/g) with a macro-porous outer shell and a nano-porous inner core. The fibers were transformed into braided meshes that were highly water absorbable (~ 400 wt.%) and bactericidal against escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, the fibrous structures showed no cytotoxicity using fibroblast cells, and the hybrid fibers were able to release IBU over 48 h in a sustained manner. The results showed that the CHCLAFs could be used as a promising candidate for wound dressing materials.

Graphical abstract

中文翻译：

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用于伤口敷料的载药纤维素-壳聚糖气凝胶微纤维

纤维素和壳聚糖因其生物相容性、生物降解性、较低的抗原性和可再生性而被研究用于伤口敷料。这种生物聚合物的功能和结构特性可以通过转化为纤维状生物气凝胶而得到显着改善，因为它们具有低密度、高孔隙率和大比表面积等突出特性。以纤维和纺织品的形式生产气凝胶不仅可以提高气凝胶的机械性能、刚度和可成形性，而且还可以缩短干燥时间和可扩展的生产工艺。因此，通过超临界 CO ₂ (scCO ₂) 干燥用于伤口敷料。纤维还通过后处理 scCO ₂浸渍负载布洛芬 (IBU)。分析了 CHCLAF 在形态、质地特性、热稳定性、机械特性和体外评估（如药物释放、抗菌特性、细胞毒性和伤口渗出液吸收）方面的特性，并与纯纤维素气凝胶微纤维 (CLF) 进行了比较。共混的 CHCLAF 具有低密度（~ 0.18 g/cm ³）、高孔隙率（~ 85%）和大比表面积（~ 300 m ² /g），具有大孔外壳和纳米孔内核. 纤维被转化为具有高吸水性（~400 wt.%）和对大肠杆菌具有杀菌作用的编织网和金黄色葡萄球菌。此外，使用成纤维细胞，纤维结构没有显示出细胞毒性，并且混合纤维能够在 48 小时内持续释放 IBU。结果表明，CHCLAFs 可用作伤口敷料材料的有希望的候选者。

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