Traditional single sensor is designed based on the “lock-and-key” mode, which only relies on the most dominant interactions between the sensing element and the target. Although it exhibits high selectivity, there are challenges in detecting multiple analytes at the same time. Here, a sensor array with three sensing elements is developed to detect multiple heavy metal ions simultaneously and quickly. In our experiment, bovine serum albumin-encapsulated gold nanoclusters (BSA-AuNCs) were used as fluorescence probes and three different dopamine (DA) concentrations as nonspecific receptors. As we know, self-polymerized polydopamine (PDA) can quench part of the fluorescence of BSA-AuNCs. Upon the addition of the heavy metal ions, the diverse non-specific interactions between DA and heavy metal ions result in the difference in the number of the remaining PDA. Therefore it would lead to different degrees of fluorescence recovery behavior. This unique “turn-on” fluorescence response mode can be analyzed by linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). Two-dimensional, three-dimensional and even four-dimensional mixed ions detection and quantitative detection have also been achieved. Moreover, by using this fluorescence array mode, heavy metal ions in tap water or blood samples can be detected.

传统的单传感器是基于“锁匙”模式设计的，仅依赖于传感元件与目标之间最主要的相互作用。尽管它具有高选择性，但同时检测多种分析物存在挑战。在这里，开发了具有三个传感元件的传感器阵列，以同时快速检测多个重金属离子。在我们的实验中，牛血清白蛋白包裹的金纳米簇（BSA-AuNCs）被用作荧光探针，三种不同的多巴胺（DA）浓度作为非特异性受体。众所周知，自聚合聚多巴胺（PDA）可以淬灭 BSA-AuNCs 的部分荧光。加入重金属离子后，DA与重金属离子之间的多种非特异性相互作用导致剩余PDA数量的差异。因此会导致不同程度的荧光恢复行为。这种独特的“开启”荧光响应模式可以通过线性判别分析 (LDA) 和层次聚类分析 (HCA) 进行分析。也实现了二维、三维甚至四维的混合离子检测和定量检测。此外，通过使用这种荧光阵列模式，可以检测自来水或血液样本中的重金属离子。也实现了三维甚至四维的混合离子检测和定量检测。此外，通过使用这种荧光阵列模式，可以检测自来水或血液样本中的重金属离子。也实现了三维甚至四维的混合离子检测和定量检测。此外，通过使用这种荧光阵列模式，可以检测自来水或血液样本中的重金属离子。