Traditional aqueous zinc-ion batteries suffer from an unsatisfactory energy density due to the limited specific capacity of cathode. Zn-S battery shows a high energy density due to the high theoretical capacity of S (1675 mAh g⁻¹). However, the sluggish redox kinetics and large volume evolution hinder its practical application. To tackle these problems, we propose a nanoscale ZnS packed and connected by carbon sheath (ZnS@CF) as the cathode. By introducing iodinated thiourea as a redox mediator, the activation barrier of ZnS@CF is reduced to 1.26 V. The ZnS@CF cathode delivers an extraordinary capacity of 465 mAh g_ZnS⁻¹, a high specific energy density of 274 Wh kg_ZnS⁻¹ (832 Wh kg_S⁻¹) and excellent rate performance (197 mAh g_ZnS⁻¹ at 9.04 C). This work provides a promising high performance cathode and strategies to improve the kinetics and cycle stability of Zn-S batteries.

由于阴极的比容量有限，传统的水系锌离子电池的能量密度不能令人满意。由于 S 的高理论容量 (1675 mAh g ^-1 )，Zn-S 电池显示出高能量密度。然而，缓慢的氧化还原动力学和大体积演化阻碍了其实际应用。为了解决这些问题，我们提出了一种由碳鞘（ZnS@CF）填充和连接的纳米级 ZnS 作为阴极。通过引入碘化硫脲作为氧化还原介质，ZnS@CF 的活化势垒降低至 1.26 V。ZnS@CF 正极具有 465 mAh g _ZnS ^{-1的非凡容量，274 Wh kg} _ZnS ^-的高比能量密度¹ (832 瓦时公斤_S ^-1) 和优异的倍率性能（9.04 C 时为 197 mAh g _ZnS ^-1）。这项工作为提高 Zn-S 电池的动力学和循环稳定性提供了一种有前景的高性能正极和策略。