Silk-based materials have garnered attention for use as medical supplies due to their mechanical toughness and low cytotoxicity. Silkworm silk has been applied as surgical sutures for decades. In contrast, the utilization of spider silk is limited mainly because of its scarcity. Although the biomimicry of spider silk has been developed using recombinant protein expression systems with the use of genetic engineering, the product often results in lower molecular weight and a lack of the N- or C-terminal regions. The incomplete sequence of the spider silk-like protein prevents the objective evaluation of the native spider silk as a medical application and retards the development of spider silk-inspired materials. Here, we reeled the native spider silk directly from live spiders and investigated the cell adhesion behavior based on three kinds of surface topography of spider silk-based substrates, namely, fibers, films, and non-woven fabrics. The cell adhesion behavior was largely influenced by the surface micro/nanostructure rather than the wettability of the surface. This study will contribute to promote the utilization of spider silk in the medical field as a candidate for promising bio-based fibers in the context of sustainable development goals.

中文翻译：

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蜘蛛丝纤维、薄膜和纳米纤维上的细胞粘附行为

丝基材料因其机械韧性和低细胞毒性而备受关注，可用作医疗用品。几十年来，蚕丝一直被用作外科缝合线。相比之下，蜘蛛丝的利用受到限制，主要是因为它的稀缺性。尽管蜘蛛丝的仿生学是使用重组蛋白表达系统和基因工程开发的，但该产品通常会导致较低的分子量和缺乏 N 或 C 末端区域。蜘蛛丝样蛋白的不完整序列阻碍了对天然蜘蛛丝作为医学应用的客观评价，并阻碍了受蜘蛛丝启发的材料的发展。这里，我们直接从活蜘蛛中卷取原生蜘蛛丝，并基于蜘蛛丝基质的三种表面形貌研究细胞粘附行为，即纤维、薄膜和无纺布。细胞粘附行为很大程度上受表面微/纳米结构的影响，而不是表面的润湿性。这项研究将有助于促进蜘蛛丝在医学领域的利用，作为可持续发展目标背景下有前途的生物基纤维的候选者。