Acute and chronic animal models of exercise are commonly used in research. Acute exercise testing is used, often in combination with genetic, pharmacological, or other manipulations, to study the impact of these manipulations on the cardiovascular response to exercise and to detect impairments or improvements in cardiovascular function that may not be evident at rest. Chronic exercise conditioning models are used to study the cardiac phenotypic response to regular exercise training and as a platform for discovery of novel pathways mediating cardiovascular benefits conferred by exercise conditioning that could be exploited therapeutically. The cardiovascular benefits of exercise are well established, and, frequently, molecular manipulations that mimic the pathway changes induced by exercise recapitulate at least some of its benefits. This review discusses approaches for assessing cardiovascular function during an acute exercise challenge in rodents, as well as practical and conceptual considerations in the use of common rodent exercise conditioning models. The case for studying feeding in the Burmese python as a model for exercise-like physiological adaptation is also explored.

中文翻译：

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从啮齿动物到蟒蛇的运动动物模型

急性和慢性运动动物模型常用于研究。急性运动试验通常与遗传、药理学或其他操作结合使用，以研究这些操作对心血管运动反应的影响，并检测在休息时可能不明显的心血管功能损伤或改善。慢性运动调节模型用于研究心脏对定期运动训练的表型反应，并作为发现调节运动调节赋予的心血管益处的新途径的平台，可以在治疗上加以利用。运动对心血管的好处已得到充分证实，而且，模拟运动引起的通路变化的分子操作通常至少概括了它的一些好处。本综述讨论了在啮齿动物急性运动挑战期间评估心血管功能的方法，以及使用常见啮齿动物运动调节模型的实际和概念考虑因素。还探讨了研究缅甸蟒蛇进食作为类运动生理适应模型的案例。