Medulloblastoma is an aggressive brain tumor that occurs predominantly in children. Despite intensive therapy, many patients die of the disease, and novel therapies are desperately needed. Although immunotherapy has shown promise in many cancers, the low mutational burden, limited infiltration of immune effector cells, and immune-suppressive microenvironment of medulloblastoma have led to the assumption that it is unlikely to respond to immunotherapy. However, emerging evidence is challenging this view. Here we review recent preclinical and clinical studies that have identified mechanisms of immune evasion in medulloblastoma, and highlight possible therapeutic interventions that may give new hope to medulloblastoma patients and their families.

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来自寒冷：克服髓母细胞瘤的敌对免疫微环境

髓母细胞瘤是一种侵袭性脑肿瘤，主要发生在儿童身上。尽管进行了强化治疗，许多患者还是死于这种疾病，迫切需要新的治疗方法。尽管免疫疗法在许多癌症中显示出希望，但髓母细胞瘤的低突变负荷、有限的免疫效应细胞浸润和免疫抑制微环境导致人们假设它不太可能对免疫疗法产生反应。然而，新出现的证据正在挑战这一观点。在这里，我们回顾了最近的临床前和临床研究，这些研究已经确定了髓母细胞瘤的免疫逃避机制，并强调了可能给髓母细胞瘤患者及其家人带来新希望的可能的治疗干预措施。