Abstract

Membrane costs and biofouling limit applications of membrane bioreactors (MBRs) for wastewater treatment. Here, powdered activated carbon (PAC) utilization in the formation and performance of a self-forming dynamic membrane consisting of activated sludge and PAC during hybrid wastewater treatment process was studied. Short-term agitation helped (non)biological particles to quickly uniformly settle on mesh filter, forming more uniform PAC-containing dynamic membranes (PAC-DMs). PAC adsorbed adhesive materials, resulting in an increase in average floc size and DM permeability while decreasing biofouling. The most efficient PAC concentration was 4 g L⁻¹ considering techno-economics, i.e. the highest effluent quality (turbidity of 19.89 NTU) and the lowest biofouling (transmembrane pressure rise of 2.89 mbar). Short-term performance of hybrid PAC-DM bioreactor (PAC-DMBR) showed stability in effluent quality improvement including 92%, 95%, 83%, 84% and 98% reductions in turbidity, chemical oxygen demand, total dissolved solids, total nitrogen, and total phosphorous, respectively. Accordingly, adopting hybrid PAC-DMBR has potential to alleviate biofouling and capital cost.

摘要

膜成本和生物污染限制了膜生物反应器 (MBR) 在废水处理中的应用。在这里，研究了在混合废水处理过程中粉末活性炭 (PAC) 在由活性污泥和 PAC 组成的自形成动态膜的形成和性能中的应用。短期搅拌有助于（非）生物颗粒快速均匀地沉降在网状过滤器上，形成更均匀的含 PAC 动态膜 (PAC-DM)。PAC 吸附粘合剂材料，导致平均絮状物尺寸和 DM 渗透性增加，同时减少生物污垢。最有效的 PAC 浓度为 4 g L ^-1考虑到技术经济学，即最高的出水质量（浊度为 19.89 NTU）和最低的生物污染（跨膜压力上升 2.89 mbar）。混合 PAC-DM 生物反应器 (PAC-DMBR) 的短期性能显示出水质量改善的稳定性，包括浊度、化学需氧量、总溶解固体、总氮降低 92%、95%、83%、84% 和 98% ，和总磷，分别。因此，采用混合 PAC-DMBR 有可能减轻生物污染和资本成本。