Greening employment is required to avoid multiple ecological crises but so far there exist different notions of what makes a job ecologically sustainable. The article portrays five theoretical perspectives and develops a framework to evaluate the environmental impact of employment in four dimensions: (1) output type: sustainable goods and services as the outputs from work, (2) occupation: green tasks and activities at the workplace, (3) work-lifestyles: working conditions that promote workers' sustainable lifestyles, (4) outcome efficiency: resource-light production processes. It discusses previous approaches in each dimension and proposes improved assessment methods. By connecting the four dimensions, it develops a “Taxonomy of Sustainable Employment” to classify employment into green, mixed and brown jobs. The taxonomy can be applied to evaluate the sustainability of employment and identify effective labour market policies for a just transition.

绿化就业是避免多重生态危机所必需的，但到目前为止，对于什么使工作具有生态可持续性存在不同的概念。文章描绘了五个理论观点，并制定了一个框架，从四个维度评估就业对环境的影响：（1）输出类型：作为工作输出的可持续商品和服务，（2）职业：工作场所的绿色任务和活动， (3) 工作生活方式：促进工人可持续生活方式的工作条件，(4) 成果效率：资源轻的生产过程。它讨论了每个维度的先前方法，并提出了改进的评估方法。通过连接四个维度，它制定了“可持续就业分类法”，将就业分为绿色、混合和棕色工作。