For the optical applications of antifogging, equilibrium amounts of adsorbed water with humidity were measured on bulk glasses having spinodal pores of 4, 10, 15, 20, and 50 nm. The kinetics of adsorption toward a saturated state and desorbing reversely from the saturated state were investigated on a 15 nm sample that was etched sufficiently to suppress the influence of the silica gel left in the pores. To clarify the role of the pores, the relative humidity (RH) was transformed to Kelvin’s diameter, φ. There were pronounced hysteresis loops in the adsorption amounts against humidity, in which adsorption occurred at higher humidities and desorption took place at humidities corresponding to sizes of pores confirmed by mercury intrusion porosimetry. On the basis of weather data in Tokyo, the antifogging coating having pores larger than 12 nm in size was proposed with an emphasis on the recovery of antifogging. Antifogging was further discussed in terms of the capabilities of adsorption related to the thickness of the porous layer and the kinetics of adsorption with a degree of supersaturation at RH100%.

中文翻译：

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旋节线多孔结构的光学防雾性能

对于防雾的光学应用，在具有 4、10、15、20 和 50 nm 旋节线孔的块状玻璃上测量吸附水与湿度的平衡量。在 15 nm 样品上研究了向饱和状态吸附和从饱和状态反向解吸的动力学，该样品经过充分蚀刻以抑制留在孔中的硅胶的影响。为了阐明孔隙的作用，将相对湿度 (RH) 转换为开尔文直径，φ。吸附量对湿度存在明显的滞后回线，其中吸附发生在较高的湿度下，而解吸发生在与压汞法确定的孔隙大小相对应的湿度下。根据东京的天气数据，提出了孔径大于 12 nm 的防雾涂层，重点是防雾的恢复。根据与多孔层厚度相关的吸附能力和在 RH100% 过饱和度下的吸附动力学，进一步讨论了防雾。