Perceptual training of multiple tasks suffers from interference between the trained tasks. Here, we conducted five psychophysical experiments with separate groups of participants to investigate the possibility of preventing the interference in short-term perceptual training. We trained the participants to detect two orientations of Gabor stimuli in two adjacent days at the same retinal location and examined the interference of training effects between the two orientations. The results showed significant retroactive interference from the second orientation to the first orientation (Experiment 1 and Experiment 2). Introducing a 6-h interval between the pre-test and training of the second orientation did not eliminate the interference effect, excluding the interpretation of disrupted reconsolidation as the pre-test of the second orientation may reactivate and destabilize the representation of the first orientation (Experiment 3). Finally, the training of the two orientations was accompanied by fixations in two colors, each serving as a contextual cue for one orientation. The results showed that the retroactive interference was not evident if the participants passively perceived contextual cues during the training and test sessions (Experiment 4). Importantly, this facilitation effect could be observed if the contextual cues appeared only during the training, demonstrating the robustness of the effect (Experiment 5). Our findings suggest that the retroactive interference effect in short-term perceptual training of orientation detection tasks was likely the result of higher-level factors such as shared contextual cues embedded in the tasks. The efficiency of multiple perceptual trainings could be facilitated by associating the trained tasks with different contextual cues.

多个任务的感知训练受到训练任务之间的干扰。在这里，我们对不同的参与者群体进行了五次心理物理实验，以研究防止短期感知训练干扰的可能性。我们训练参与者在相邻的两天内在同一视网膜位置检测两个方向的 Gabor 刺激，并检查两个方向之间训练效果的干扰。结果显示从第二方向到第一方向的显着回溯干扰（实验1和实验2）。在第二方向的预测试和训练之间引入 6 小时的间隔并没有消除干扰效应，排除对破坏的再固结的解释，因为第二方向的预测试可能会重新激活和破坏第一个方向的表示（实验 3）。最后，两个方向的训练伴随着两种颜色的注视，每种颜色都作为一个方向的上下文提示。结果表明，如果参与者在培训和测试期间被动地感知上下文线索，则追溯干扰不明显（实验 4）。重要的是，如果上下文线索仅在训练期间出现，则可以观察到这种促进效应，证明了这种效应的稳健性（实验 5）。我们的研究结果表明，方向检测任务的短期感知训练中的追溯干扰效应可能是更高层次因素的结果，例如嵌入任务中的共享上下文线索。通过将训练的任务与不同的上下文线索相关联，可以提高多重感知训练的效率。