Herein, an elastic polyethyleneimine/sodium alginate aerogel was designed by a one-step freeze-drying method. The 3D honeycomb-like structure endowed it excellent compressibility and plentiful exposed adsorption sites to accelerate Cr(VI) and Cd(II) adsorption. The adsorption processes matched the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models, and the saturated adsorption capacity for Cr(VI) and Cd(II) was 678.67 and 464.23 mg/g, respectively. The obtained aerogel still expressed superior removal performance for Cr(VI) and Cd(II) even in the coexistent of multiple interfering factors and maintained stable adsorption capacity at least after 5 cycles. Importantly, the elastic cylindrical aerogel (∼0.59 g) could achieve dynamic filtration of industrial wastewater containing Cr(VI) and Cd(II) in fix-bed column system with corresponding effective treatment volume of 4.47 and 3.25 L, respectively. The reasonable mechanisms for the adsorption behaviors of heavy metals on the as-prepared aerogel was investigated via FTIR, XPS and Density functional theory (DFT), which could be attributed to the surface electrostatic adsorption, chelation and reduction effects. Eventually, the ecological assessment verified that eco-friendly SA/PEI aerogel had a powerful auxiliary effect on the anti-fouling growth of rice. Overall, such novel biomass aerogel adsorbent possessed great application potential and theoretical guiding significance for the purification of heavy metal wastewater.

在此，通过一步冷冻干燥法设计了一种弹性聚乙烯亚胺/海藻酸钠气凝胶。3D 蜂窝状结构使其具有出色的可压缩性和大量暴露的吸附位点，可加速 Cr(VI) 和 Cd(II) 的吸附。吸附过程符合准二级和Langmuir模型，对Cr(VI)和Cd(II)的饱和吸附容量分别为678.67和464.23 mg/g。即使在多种干扰因素共存的情况下，所获得的气凝胶对 Cr(VI) 和 Cd(II) 仍然表现出优异的去除性能，并且至少在 5 次循环后仍保持稳定的吸附能力。重要的是，弹性圆柱形气凝胶（~0. 59 g)可实现固定床柱系统对含Cr(VI)和Cd(II)工业废水的动态过滤，相应的有效处理量分别为4.47和3.25 L。通过 FTIR、XPS 和密度泛函理论 (DFT) 研究了所制备的气凝胶上重金属吸附行为的合理机制，这可归因于表面静电吸附、螯合和还原效应。最终，生态评价验证了环保型SA/PEI气凝胶对水稻抗污生长具有强大的辅助作用。总体而言，这种新型生物质气凝胶吸附剂对于重金属废水的净化具有巨大的应用潜力和理论指导意义。通过 FTIR、XPS 和密度泛函理论 (DFT) 研究了所制备的气凝胶上重金属吸附行为的合理机制，这可归因于表面静电吸附、螯合和还原效应。最终，生态评价验证了环保型SA/PEI气凝胶对水稻抗污生长具有强大的辅助作用。总体而言，这种新型生物质气凝胶吸附剂对于重金属废水的净化具有巨大的应用潜力和理论指导意义。通过 FTIR、XPS 和密度泛函理论 (DFT) 研究了所制备的气凝胶上重金属吸附行为的合理机制，这可归因于表面静电吸附、螯合和还原效应。最终，生态评价验证了环保型SA/PEI气凝胶对水稻抗污生长具有强大的辅助作用。总体而言，这种新型生物质气凝胶吸附剂对于重金属废水的净化具有巨大的应用潜力和理论指导意义。生态评价验证了环保型SA/PEI气凝胶对水稻抗污生长有强大的辅助作用。总体而言，这种新型生物质气凝胶吸附剂对于重金属废水的净化具有巨大的应用潜力和理论指导意义。生态评价验证了环保型SA/PEI气凝胶对水稻抗污生长有强大的辅助作用。总体而言，这种新型生物质气凝胶吸附剂对于重金属废水的净化具有巨大的应用潜力和理论指导意义。