ABSTRACT Disasters and crisis are becoming more complex with deadly cascading effects. The current coronavirus pandemic is viewed as the newest form of health and socio-economic crisis that has disrupted the flow of normal life for millions. Viewing the pandemic as a unique or unpredictable occurrence shifts responsibility and accountability from a host of institutional actors to those who were unable to protect themselves from the direct and indirect effects of the pandemic and incurred heavy losses. Situating the pandemic within the well-established policy debates around disasters enables us to understand how the novel coronavirus rapidly transformed into a humanitarian crisis in India. Successful disaster risk reduction involves the creation of a “culture of resilience” but resilience thinking has been criticized as lacking in “moral compass”, showing a poor understanding of power relations and as governance that emphasizes individual responsibility. Chronically poor people can be “resilient” at the expense of their long-term wellbeing. Drawing on the moral, political and philosophical debates about the shift toward “resilience” in global disaster policy, this article examines the rhetoric of “self-reliance” to address COVID-19 dislocation. We find that disaster policies that rely mainly on resilience and compliance increase state power while absolving them of responsibility.

中文翻译：

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风险和复原力：印度的 COVID-19 应对和灾害管理政策

摘要 灾难和危机正变得越来越复杂，具有致命的连锁效应。当前的冠状病毒大流行被视为最新形式的健康和社会经济危机，它扰乱了数百万人的正常生活。将大流行视为一种独特或不可预测的事件，将责任和责任从众多机构行为者转移到那些无法保护自己免受大流行直接和间接影响并遭受重大损失的人身上。将大流行置于围绕灾害的成熟政策辩论中，使我们能够了解新型冠状病毒如何迅速转变为印度的人道主义危机。成功的减少灾害风险涉及创建“复原力文化”，但复原力思维被批评为缺乏“道德指南针”，对权力关系和强调个人责任的治理缺乏了解。长期贫困的人可能会以牺牲他们的长期福祉为代价来“恢复”。本文借鉴关于全球灾害政策向“复原力”转变的道德、政治和哲学辩论，探讨了“自力更生”以解决 COVID-19 混乱的言论。我们发现，主要依赖弹性和合规性的灾难政策增加了国家权力，同时免除了他们的责任。本文探讨了解决 COVID-19 混乱问题的“自力更生”言论。我们发现，主要依赖弹性和合规性的灾难政策增加了国家权力，同时免除了他们的责任。本文探讨了解决 COVID-19 混乱问题的“自力更生”言论。我们发现，主要依赖弹性和合规性的灾难政策增加了国家权力，同时免除了他们的责任。