AbstractThis article accounts for the traditionally-labelled Level 1/Level 2 affix distinction in English by combining the predictions of floating segmental structure (e.g. Rubach 1996) and cyclic spell-out by phase (Chomsky 1999; Marantz 2007). It offers insight not only into the different phonological patterns these affixes trigger, but importantly, explains when the same affix will trigger distinct phonological patterns (when an affix behaves sometimes as Level 1 and sometimes as Level 2). It is argued that Level 1 affixes are distinguished by an initial floating vowel in their underlying representations, and that if we combine this with the proposal that affixes that merge directly to roots are interpreted in the same phonological cycle as these roots then we can remove the reference to diacritic notions such as Level 1 and Level 2 from the grammar. This then allows for a fully modular account of English affix classes, where the phonological derivation refers solely to phonological representations.

中文翻译：

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派生英语 1 级/2 级词缀类：浮动元音、循环句法

摘要本文通过结合浮动句段结构（例如Rubach 1996）和循环拼写（Chomsky 1999; Marantz 2007）的预测来解释英语中传统标记的Level 1 / Level 2词缀的区别。它不仅提供了对这些词缀触发的不同语音模式的洞察，而且重要的是，解释了相同的词缀何时会触发不同的语音模式（当词缀有时表现为 1 级，有时表现为 2 级时）。有人认为 1 级词缀在其底层表示中由一个初始浮动元音来区分，并且如果我们将此与直接合并到词根的词缀与这些词根在相同的语音循环中解释的提议结合起来，那么我们可以从语法中删除对变音符号概念的引用，例如 Level 1 和 Level 2。然后，这允许对英语词缀类进行完全模块化的描述，其中语音派生仅指语音表示。