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Karst relief of the Mali me Gropa Massif, central Albania
Geological Quarterly ( IF 1 ) Pub Date : 2022-06-24 , DOI: 10.7306/gq.1638
Viacheslav ANDREYCHOUK , Romeo EFTIMI , Jerzy NITA , Alexander KLIMCHOUK

The mid-altitude mountain massif of Mali me Gropa is located in the central part of Albania, rises to an altitude of 1500–1800 m a.s.l., is composed mostly of Mesozoic limestone, and is characterized by extensive surface karst development. The karst relief is dominated by “doline” morphology including “polygonal” karst. Detailed geomorphological analysis of the western part of the Mali me Gropa massif (so-called Western Massif) by means of GIS methods is used to determine and explain the morphometric and morphological diversity of the area’s topography. Based on a homogeneity criterion, a number of geomorphological units with specific kinds of karst relief have been distinguished within the massif. The differences in karst sculpture concern the size (diameter) of dolines and depressions, their depth, shape and symmetry, orientation, density of occurrence and spatial pattern, which provide the basis for distinguishing geomorphological units. The spatial differentiation of the karst relief is explained by the influence of factors which are evolutionary (geological and geomorphological evolution of the massif), hypsometric (altitude difference of terrains) and geomorphologic-structural (inclination of the slopes and layers). The relatively poor expression of open karst conduits (i.e. caves and vertical shafts) on the surface of the massif may result from the relative immaturity of the epikarst zone, the widespread occurrence of residual cover on the plateau, and the accumulation of large amounts of clay material in dolines and depressions. Detailed hydrogeological studies show, however, high karst permeability and dominance of conduit flow. Considering the high geomorphological landscape and ecological value of the area, it should be granted the status of a nature reserve or national park. Geomorphological and karstological research within the massif should be continued as it represents a type of karst found also in other parts of Albania. This type of karst area is of great economic (groundwater reserves) and natural protection (environmental) importance.

 



中文翻译:

阿尔巴尼亚中部 Mali me Gropa Massif 的喀斯特地貌

Mali me Gropa中海拔山体位于阿尔巴尼亚中部,海拔1500-1800米,主要由中生代石灰岩组成,地表岩溶发育广泛。喀斯特地貌以包括“多边形”岩溶在内的“天沟”形态为主。借助 GIS 方法对 Mali me Gropa 地块(即所谓的西部地块)西部的详细地貌分析,用于确定和解释该地区地形的形态和形态多样性。根据同质性判据,在地块内区分出若干具有特定岩溶地貌类型的地貌单元。喀斯特雕塑的差异涉及天坑和凹陷的大小(直径)、深度、形状和对称性、方向、出现的密度和空间格局,为区分地貌单元提供了依据。岩溶地貌的空间分异是由演化(地块的地质和地貌演化)、高度测量(地形的海拔差异)和地貌结构(斜坡和地层的倾斜度)等因素的影响来解释的。地块表面开放岩溶管道(即洞穴和竖井)表现相对较差,可能是由于表岩溶带相对不成熟,高原残盖普遍存在,大量黏土堆积天坑和洼地中的材料。然而,详细的水文地质研究表明,岩溶渗透率高,导管流占主导地位。考虑到该地区的高地貌景观和生态价值,应授予自然保护区或国家公园的地位。地块内的地貌和岩溶研究应继续进行,因为它代表了在阿尔巴尼亚其他地区也发现的一种岩溶。这种类型的喀斯特地区具有巨大的经济(地下水储备)和自然保护(环境)的重要性。

 

更新日期:2022-06-24
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