Abstract This study evaluated the biological fabrication and characterization of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) using Nepeta cataria (NC) and their anticancer activity against ovarian cancer cells (SKOV3). This study synthesized ZnONPs using leaf extract of N. cataria through a biological method. The synthesized particles were characterized in several ways such as zeta potential, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrum, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis. UV-Vis spectrum exhibited that maximum spectra were found to be 380 nm. The size of the material was shown to be 75.9 nm confirmed by dynamic light scattering measurement. Moreover, XRD, SEM, and transmission electron microscopic analysis were confirmed by the synthesized materials as crystal-based ZnONPs. FTIR studies represent that several biologically active functional groups existed in the synthesized nanoparticles. In addition, the anticancer ability and the inhibitory role of ZnONPs-NC against SKOV3 cells were investigated. We found that ZnONPs-NC causes efficient toxicity in SKOV3 cells by increasing cytotoxicity depending on reactive oxygen species production and nuclear fragmentation in SKOV3 cells. ZnONPs-NC activates Bax and Caspases while inhibiting Bcl-2 proteins in SKOV3 cells. Furthermore, we discovered that ZnONPs-NC inhibits the proliferative markers PCNA, cyclin-D1, matrix metallo proteinase (MMP)-2, and MMP-9) in SKOV3 cells. Thus, biologically synthesized ZnONPs-NC were found to be effectively inhibiting ovarian cancer cell growth.

中文翻译：

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来自荆芥的氧化锌纳米颗粒的生物制造可能通过抑制卵巢癌中的增殖标志物而产生细胞凋亡

摘要 本研究评估了使用荆芥 (NC) 的氧化锌纳米颗粒 (ZnONPs) 的生物制备和表征及其对卵巢癌细胞 (SKOV3) 的抗癌活性。本研究通过生物学方法利用猫尾草的叶提取物合成了 ZnONPs。合成的颗粒通过zeta电位、紫外-可见(UV-Vis)光谱、傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱、X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析等多种方式进行表征。紫外-可见光谱显示最大光谱被发现为 380 nm。通过动态光散射测量证实材料的尺寸为 75.9 nm。此外，XRD、SEM、合成材料证实为晶体基 ZnONPs 和透射电子显微镜分析。FTIR 研究表明，合成的纳米颗粒中存在几个具有生物活性的官能团。此外，研究了ZnONPs-NC对SKOV3细胞的抗癌能力和抑制作用。我们发现 ZnONPs-NC 通过增加 SKOV3 细胞中活性氧的产生和核碎裂的细胞毒性，在 SKOV3 细胞中引起有效的毒性。ZnONPs-NC 激活 Bax 和半胱天冬酶，同时抑制 SKOV3 细胞中的 Bcl-2 蛋白。此外，我们发现 ZnONPs-NC 抑制 SKOV3 细胞中的增殖标志物 PCNA、细胞周期蛋白-D1、基质金属蛋白酶 (MMP)-2 和 MMP-9)。因此，