Public-key infrastructure (PKI) provides the essential foundation for public-key cryptography, and security is often bootstrapped from a PKI. Standardization bodies, organizations, researchers, and experts reached a consensus that deploying Vehicular PKI (VPKI) can ensure the security and privacy requirements of Cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems (C-ITS). Given the importance of VPKI, researchers and experts have worked to ensure VPKI meets the high security and privacy requirements of C-ITS. This survey focuses on VPKI schemes designed to securely and privately manage and revoke public-key certificates in three parts. The first part presents evaluation metrics that help to compare the existing VPKI proposals systematically. The second part classifies VPKI schemes and provides an overview of each. The third part focuses on observations made using the evaluation metrics through a systematic comparison of VPKI schemes. Finally, suggestions for future VPKI research are presented.

中文翻译：

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车载公钥基础设施 (VPKI) 的问题和最新进展调查

公钥基础设施 (PKI) 为公钥加密提供了必要的基础，而安全性通常由 PKI 引导。标准化机构、组织、研究人员和专家达成共识，部署车载 PKI (VPKI) 可以确保协作智能交通系统 (C-ITS) 的安全和隐私要求。鉴于 VPKI 的重要性，研究人员和专家一直致力于确保 VPKI 满足 C-ITS 的高安全性和隐私要求。本调查重点关注旨在安全、私密地管理和撤销公钥证书的 VPKI 方案，分为三个部分。第一部分介绍了有助于系统地比较现有 VPKI 提案的评估指标。第二部分对 VPKI 方案进行分类并提供每个方案的概述。第三部分侧重于通过对 VPKI 方案的系统比较，使用评估指标进行的观察。最后，提出了对未来VPKI研究的建议。