Surface water, which refers to water stored in rivers, streams, lakes, reservoirs, ponds, and wetlands, is a precious resource in terms of biodiversity, ecology, water management, and economics. As a significant hydrological parameter, surface water storage (SWS) influences the exchange of water and energy between the land/water surface and atmosphere. The quantification of SWS and its dynamics is crucial for a better understanding of global hydrological and biogeochemical processes. For more than 30 years, Earth observation (EO) technology has shown that SWS can be measured to some degree, and a variety of techniques have been proposed to facilitate this purpose.

中文翻译：

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基于卫星的地表水储量估算：其历史、现状和未来前景

地表水是指储存在河流、溪流、湖泊、水库、池塘和湿地中的水，在生物多样性、生态学、水资源管理和经济方面都是宝贵的资源。作为一项重要的水文参数，地表水储存量（SWS）影响着陆地/水面与大气之间的水和能量交换。SWS 及其动力学的量化对于更好地了解全球水文和生物地球化学过程至关重要。30 多年来，地球观测 (EO) 技术表明，SWS 可以在一定程度上进行测量，并且已经提出了多种技术来促进这一目的。