Artificial intelligence (AI) plays a growing role in remote sensing (RS). Applications of AI, particularly machine learning algorithms, range from initial image processing to high-level data understanding and knowledge discovery. AI techniques have emerged as a powerful strategy for analyzing RS data and led to remarkable breakthroughs in all RS fields. Given this period of breathtaking evolution, this work aims to provide a comprehensive review of the recent achievements of AI algorithms and applications in RS data analysis. The review includes more than 270 research papers, covering the following major aspects of AI innovation for RS: machine learning, computational intelligence, AI explicability, data mining, natural language processing (NLP), and AI security. We conclude this review by identifying promising directions for future research.

中文翻译：

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用于遥感数据分析的人工智能：挑战与机遇回顾

人工智能 (AI) 在遥感 (RS) 中发挥着越来越重要的作用。人工智能，特别是机器学习算法的应用范围从初始图像处理到高级数据理解和知识发现。人工智能技术已成为分析 RS 数据的强大策略，并在所有 RS 领域取得了显着突破。鉴于这一惊人的发展时期，这项工作旨在全面回顾人工智能算法和 RS 数据分析中的应用的最新成就。该评论包括 270 多篇研究论文，涵盖 RS 人工智能创新的以下主要方面：机器学习、计算智能、人工智能可解释性、数据挖掘、自然语言处理 (NLP) 和人工智能安全。我们通过确定未来研究的有希望的方向来结束这篇综述。