Critical scholarship investigating media and the Arab uprisings has called for “a return to history.” This article argues that researching the contemporary constraints and opportunities of social movement media in the Arab region requires historicizing such practices. Reflecting on the role of media activism within the Arab uprisings necessitates broadening the historical context of social movement media in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region by investigating the diversity of media tactics and alternative political economies mobilized to resist the military-industrial communications complex. This article develops a political economy framework to historicize social movement media practices from Chiapas to Palestine and provides a critical reflection on the use of media for revolution before and beyond the Arab uprisings. Learning from the long and global history of revolutionary media struggle is beneficial to media activists and researchers working in the MENA region.

中文翻译：

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从恰帕斯到巴勒斯坦：将阿拉伯起义前后的社会运动媒体历史化

调查媒体和阿拉伯起义的批判性学术研究呼吁“回归历史”。本文认为，研究阿拉伯地区社会运动媒体的当代限制和机遇需要将这些实践历史化。反思媒体激进主义在阿拉伯起义中的作用，有必要通过调查媒体策略的多样性和为抵制军工通信而动员的替代政治经济，扩大中东和北非 (MENA) 地区社会运动媒体的历史背景复杂的。本文建立了一个政治经济学框架，以历史化从恰帕斯州到巴勒斯坦的社会运动媒体实践，并对在阿拉伯起义之前和之后使用媒体进行革命进行批判性思考。