Providing innovative services and ensuring ubiquitous, ultrahigh-density, extreme-data-rate, and very low latency communications are essential for future sixth-generation systems, where the importance of non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) will incredibly rise. However, the management of both the capacity and the radio spectrum remains one of the main challenges, when a huge number of devices require access to dissimilar broadcast services at the same time. To cope with these issues, traditional single-beam satellite systems can be replaced with very high throughput satellite, where multibeam transmissions increase the capacity and improve the spectrum utilization while limiting interbeam interference. In this article, we propose a dynamic multicast/broadcast single-frequency network (MBSFN) beam area formation (D-MBAF) algorithm that dynamically groups beams into dedicated MBSFN beam areas (MBAs) to increase the aggregate data rate (ADR) of the multibeam NTN system and deliver a given video content to all the interested NTN terminals. D-MBAF leverages multicast subgrouping by clustering the NTN terminals into different MBAs that are simultaneously served with different data rates. Furthermore, the D-MBAF algorithm delivers the video content in different flows: the base layer with lower resolution and a set of enhancement layers with higher resolutions. Radio resources are efficiently allocated to avoid interference among the beams belonging to different MBAs. A simulation campaign is carried out under different scenarios to assess the effectiveness of the proposed D-MBAF algorithm in terms of mean throughput, ADR, resource block utilization, and number of sent layers. Obtained results confirm that the D-MBAF algorithm outperforms the single-frequency multibeam transmission and the multilayer video delivery schemes used as benchmarks.

中文翻译：

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6G 多波束非地面网络中的动态 MBSFN 波束区域形成

提供创新服务并确保无处不在、超高密度、极高数据速率和极低延迟的通信对于未来的第六代系统至关重要，在这些系统中，非地面网络 (NTN) 的重要性将难以置信地上升。然而，当大量设备需要同时访问不同的广播服务时，容量和无线电频谱的管理仍然是主要挑战之一。为了解决这些问题，传统的单波束卫星系统可以被非常高吞吐量的卫星所取代，其中多波束传输增加了容量并提高了频谱利用率，同时限制了波束间干扰。在本文中，我们提出了一种动态多播/广播单频网络 (MBSFN) 波束区域形成 (D-MBAF) 算法，该算法将波束动态分组到专用 MBSFN 波束区域 (MBA) 中，以提高多波束 NTN 系统的聚合数据速率 (ADR) 和向所有感兴趣的 NTN 终端提供给定的视频内容。D-MBAF 通过将 NTN 终端集群到不同的 MBA 中来利用多播子组，这些 MBA 同时以不同的数据速率提供服务。此外，D-MBAF 算法以不同的流传输视频内容：具有较低分辨率的基础层和一组具有较高分辨率的增强层。无线电资源被有效地分配以避免属于不同MBA的波束之间的干扰。在不同的场景下进行了模拟活动，以评估所提出的 D-MBAF 算法在平均吞吐量、ADR、资源块利用率和发送层数方面的有效性。获得的结果证实，D-MBAF 算法优于作为基准的单频多波束传输和多层视频传输方案。