Abstract We study the ecological regime of quantum heat engines where the heat transfer between the environment and the engine is mediated with two qubits that act as energy filters and allow the conversion of heat into work. Using quantum thermodynamics, the theory of open quantum system and the fundamentals of finite-time thermodynamics we obtain the output power, the ecological function and the entropy production of the engine. Then, we optimize the functioning to the ecological function to find the range of efficiencies for which the system works optimally under the ecological criterium. We find that (i) the maximum value of the ecological function depends on the thermal copulings and the energies of the qubits that define the engine. (ii) We can define an ecological working region where the engine works producing a power that is similar to the maximum power but where it rejects much less heat to the environment. (iii) That the range of efficiencies defining the ecological region depends on the parameters defining the engine.(iv) An optimal working region where both the power and the ecological function are big is defined for each machine.

中文翻译：

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利用生态函数优化双量子位热机的能量生产

摘要：我们研究了量子热机的生态系统，其中环境和发动机之间的热传递由两个充当能量过滤器并允许将热量转化为功的量子位介导。利用量子热力学、开放量子系统理论和有限时间热力学的基本原理，我们获得了发动机的输出功率、生态函数和熵产。然后，我们将功能优化为生态功能，以找到系统在生态标准下最佳工作的效率范围。我们发现 (i) 生态函数的最大值取决于热耦合和定义引擎的量子比特的能量。(ii) 我们可以定义一个生态工作区域，其中发动机工作时产生的功率与最大功率相似，但它向环境排放的热量要少得多。(iii) 定义生态区域的效率范围取决于定义发动机的参数。(iv) 为每台机器定义功率和生态功能都很大的最佳工作区域。