The COVID-19 has slowed down global economic growth. Meanwhile, it also significantly cuts the global carbon emission, which provides a golden opportunity for the whole world to combat the climate change together. While the former policies (e.g., the CAFE standards, renewable portfolio standards, etc.) have reduced certain level of fossil fuel consumption, the most effective measures (such as carbon tax, cap-and-trade programs) are still far from ready for global implementation. This paper investigates an alternative way to achieve a more carbon efficient power grid using the uplift payment scheme. Specifically, we propose an effective algorithm to guarantee carbon efficiency with minimal uplift payments. We also submit that this scheme provides more flexibility to realize carbon reduction than carbon tax, which is exemplified by thorough numerical studies. Furthermore, we show that the stability of the power grid can be ensured under our uplift payment scheme, both from theoretical analysis and numerical studies. The results strengthen our belief that our uplift payment scheme is practicable for carbon reduction in the electricity market.

中文翻译：

---

通过最少的提升付款启用碳效率电网

COVID-19 减缓了全球经济增长。同时，也大大减少了全球碳排放，为全球共同应对气候变化提供了千载难逢的机遇。虽然以前的政策（如 CAFE 标准、可再生能源组合标准等）已经降低了一定程度的化石燃料消耗，但最有效的措施（如碳税、限额与交易计划）仍远未准备就绪。全球实施。本文研究了另一种使用提升支付计划实现碳效率更高的电网的替代方法。具体来说，我们提出了一种有效的算法来保证碳效率以最少的额外费用。我们还提出，该方案比碳税提供了更多的实现碳减排的灵活性，彻底的数值研究就是例证。此外，我们通过理论分析和数值研究表明，在我们的提升支付计划下，电网的稳定性可以得到保证。结果加强了我们的信念，即我们的追加支付计划对于电力市场的碳减排是切实可行的。