This study determined the supplemental effects of Lactobacillus fermentate (LBF, Adare Biome, France) on intestinal health and prevention of postweaning diarrhea caused by F18+Escherichia coli in nursery pigs. Sixty-four weaned pigs (6.6 ± 0.7 kg body weight) were allotted in a randomized complete block design to four treatments: NC: no challenge/no supplement; PC: E. coli challenge/no supplement; AGP: E. coli challenge/bacitracin (30 g/t feed); and PBT: E. coli challenge/LBF (2 kg/t feed). Bacitracin methylene disalicylate (BMD) was used as a source of bacitracin. On day 7, challenged groups were orally inoculated with F18+E. coli (2.4 × 1010 CFU), whereas NC received sterile saline solution. Growth performance was analyzed weekly, and pigs were euthanized at the end of 28 d feeding to analyze intestinal health. Data were analyzed using the Mixed procedure of SAS 9.4. During the post-challenge period, PC tended to decrease (P = 0.067) average daily gain (ADG) when compared with NC, whereas AGP increased (P < 0.05) when compared with PC; PBT tended to increase (P = 0.081) ADG when compared with PC. The PC increased fecal score (P < 0.05) during day 7 to 14 when compared with NC, whereas AGP decreased it (P < 0.05) during day 14 to 21 when compared with PC. The PC increased (P < 0.05) protein carbonyl, crypt cell proliferation, and the relative abundance of Helicobacter rodentium when compared with NC. However, AGP decreased (P < 0.05) crypt cell proliferation and H. rodentium and increased (P < 0.05) villus height, Bifidobacterium boum, Pelomonas spp., and Microbacterium ginsengisoli when compared with PC. The PBT reduced (P < 0.05) crypt cell proliferation and H. rodentium and increased (P < 0.05) Lactobacillus salivarius and Propionibacterium acnes when compared with PC. At the genus level, AGP and PBT increased (P < 0.05) the alpha diversity of jejunal mucosa-associated microbiota in pigs estimated with Chao1 richness estimator when compared with PC. Collectively, F18+E. coli reduced growth performance by adversely affecting microbiota and intestinal health. The LBF and BMD improved growth performance, and it was related to the enhanced intestinal health and increased diversity and abundance of beneficial microbiota in pigs challenged with F18+E. coli.

中文翻译：

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发酵乳杆菌对 F18+大肠杆菌攻击的保育猪肠道健康、粘膜相关微生物群和生长效率的后生元效应。

本研究确定了发酵乳杆菌（LBF，Adare Biome，法国）对保育猪肠道健康和预防由 F18+ 大肠杆菌引起的断奶后腹泻的补充作用。将 64 头断奶仔猪（体重 6.6 ± 0.7 kg）按照随机完整区组设计分配至四种处理：NC：无攻击/无补充；PC：大肠杆菌挑战/无补充；AGP：大肠杆菌攻击/杆菌肽（30 克/吨饲料）；和 PBT：大肠杆菌挑战/LBF（2 千克/吨饲料）。杆菌肽亚甲基二水杨酸酯 (BMD) 用作杆菌肽的来源。第 7 天，攻击组口服接种 F18+E。大肠杆菌 (2.4 × 1010 CFU)，而 NC 则接受无菌生理盐水。每周分析生长性能，并在 28 天喂养结束时对猪实施安乐死，以分析肠道健康状况。使用 SAS 9.4 的混合程序分析数据。在攻击后期间，与 NC 相比，PC 倾向于降低 (P = 0.067) 平均日增重 (ADG)，而与 PC 相比，AGP 增加 (P < 0.05)；与 PC 相比，PBT 倾向于增加 (P = 0.081) ADG。与 NC 相比，PC 在第 7 至 14 天增加了粪便评分 (P < 0.05)，而与 PC 相比，AGP 在第 14 至 21 天降低了它 (P < 0.05)。与 NC 相比，PC 增加 (P < 0.05) 蛋白质羰基、隐窝细胞增殖和啮齿类螺杆菌的相对丰度。然而，与 PC 相比，AGP 降低 (P < 0.05) 隐窝细胞增殖和啮齿类啮齿动物，并增加 (P < 0.05) 绒毛高度、双歧杆菌属、Pelomonas spp. 和 Microbacterium ginsengisoli。PBT 降低 (P < 0. 05) 与 PC 相比，隐窝细胞增殖和 H. rodentium 和增加 (P < 0.05) 唾液乳杆菌和痤疮丙酸杆菌。在属水平上，与 PC 相比，AGP 和 PBT 增加了（P < 0.05）用 Chao1 丰富度估计器估计的猪空肠粘膜相关微生物群的 alpha 多样性。统称为 F18+E。大肠杆菌通过对微生物群和肠道健康产生不利影响而降低生长性能。LBF 和 BMD 改善了生长性能，并且与 F18+E 攻击猪的肠道健康增强以及有益微生物群的多样性和丰度增加有关。大肠杆菌。05) 与 PC 相比，使用 Chao1 丰富度估计器估计的猪空肠粘膜相关微生物群的 alpha 多样性。统称为 F18+E。大肠杆菌通过对微生物群和肠道健康产生不利影响而降低生长性能。LBF 和 BMD 改善了生长性能，并且与 F18+E 攻击猪的肠道健康增强以及有益微生物群的多样性和丰度增加有关。大肠杆菌。05) 与 PC 相比，使用 Chao1 丰富度估计器估计的猪空肠粘膜相关微生物群的 alpha 多样性。统称为 F18+E。大肠杆菌通过对微生物群和肠道健康产生不利影响而降低生长性能。LBF 和 BMD 改善了生长性能，并且与 F18+E 攻击猪的肠道健康增强以及有益微生物群的多样性和丰度增加有关。大肠杆菌。