Introduction: As evidence of the psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic emerge, examining the role of self-regulation may yield key insights. This prospective study tested whether pre-pandemic self-regulation was associated with mental health, well-being, and substance use during the initial COVID-19 surge. Methods: Participants (N = 236; Mage = 30.3; 64% female) were assessed 1–3 years prior to the pandemic and again in April of 2020. Markers of self-regulation (vagal tone, attachment insecurity, stress-reactive rumination, and attentional control) were assessed at Time 1, as were depressive symptoms, sleep problems, relationship satisfaction, perceived stress, and substance use. These outcomes were assessed again during the pandemic, along with anxiety symptoms and peri-traumatic distress. Results: Poor pre-pandemic self-regulation was associated with higher peri-pandemic depressive and anxiety symptoms, peri-traumatic distress, and cannabis use. Self-regulation was not associated with sleep, relationship satisfaction, alcohol use, or drug use and did not moderate changes over time. Discussion: Prospective analyses indicated simultaneous, independent associations of cognitive and emotional self-regulation with mental health and well-being during the initial COVID-19 pandemic surge, yet pre-pandemic self-regulation did not account for trajectories of change over time. Findings emphasize the importance of prospective data for understanding biopsychosocial resilience during the pandemic and beyond.

中文翻译：

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自我调节预测 Covid-19 大流行期间的心理健康和福祉：一项前瞻性研究

简介：随着 COVID-19 大流行的心理影响的证据出现，检查自我调节的作用可能会产生关键的见解。这项前瞻性研究测试了大流行前的自我调节是否与最初的 COVID-19 激增期间的心理健康、幸福感和物质使用有关。方法：参与者（N = 236；Mage = 30.3；64% 女性）在大流行前 1-3 年和 2020 年 4 月再次接受评估。自我调节的标志物（迷走神经张力、依恋不安全感、压力反应性反刍、和注意力控制）在时间 1 进行评估，抑郁症状、睡眠问题、关系满意度、感知压力和物质使用情况也进行了评估。在大流行期间再次评估了这些结果，以及焦虑症状和创伤后痛苦。结果：大流行前自我调节能力差与大流行期间抑郁和焦虑症状、创伤后痛苦和大麻使用率较高有关。自我调节与睡眠、人际关系满意度、饮酒或吸毒无关，并且不会随着时间的推移而缓和变化。讨论：前瞻性分析表明，在最初的 COVID-19 大流行激增期间，认知和情绪自我调节与心理健康和幸福感同时存在独立关联，但大流行前的自我调节并未解释随时间变化的轨迹。研究结果强调了前瞻性数据对于了解大流行期间及以后的生物心理社会复原力的重要性。自我调节与睡眠、人际关系满意度、饮酒或吸毒无关，并且不会随着时间的推移而缓和变化。讨论：前瞻性分析表明，在最初的 COVID-19 大流行激增期间，认知和情绪自我调节与心理健康和幸福感同时存在独立关联，但大流行前的自我调节并未解释随时间变化的轨迹。研究结果强调了前瞻性数据对于了解大流行期间及以后的生物心理社会复原力的重要性。自我调节与睡眠、人际关系满意度、饮酒或吸毒无关，并且不会随着时间的推移而缓和变化。讨论：前瞻性分析表明，在最初的 COVID-19 大流行激增期间，认知和情绪自我调节与心理健康和幸福感同时存在独立关联，但大流行前的自我调节并未解释随时间变化的轨迹。研究结果强调了前瞻性数据对于了解大流行期间及以后的生物心理社会复原力的重要性。在最初的 COVID-19 大流行期间，认知和情绪自我调节与心理健康和幸福感的独立关联，但大流行前的自我调节并没有解释随时间变化的轨迹。研究结果强调了前瞻性数据对于了解大流行期间及以后的生物心理社会复原力的重要性。在最初的 COVID-19 大流行期间，认知和情绪自我调节与心理健康和幸福感的独立关联，但大流行前的自我调节并没有解释随时间变化的轨迹。研究结果强调了前瞻性数据对于了解大流行期间及以后的生物心理社会复原力的重要性。