This study tests the respective roles of pitch-class content and bass patterns within harmonic expectation using a mix of behavioral and computational experiments. In our first two experiments, participants heard a paradigmatic chord progression derived from music theory textbooks and were asked to rate how well different target endings completed that progression. The completion included the progression’s paradigmatic target, different inversions of that chord (i.e., different members of the harmony were heard in the lowest voice), and a “mismatched” target, a triad that shared its lowest pitch with the paradigmatic ending but altered other pitch-class content. Participants generally rated the paradigmatic target most highly, followed by other inversions of that chord, with lowest ratings generally elicited by the mismatched target. This suggests that listeners’ harmonic expectations are sensitive to both bass patterns and pitch-class content. However, these results did not hold in all cases. A final computational experiment was run to determine whether variations in behavioral responses could be explained by corpus statistics. To this end, n-gram chord-transition models and frequency measurements were compiled for each progression. Our findings suggest that listeners rate highly and have stronger expectations about chord progressions that occur frequently and behave consistently within tonal corpora.

中文翻译：

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和弦反转和低音模式对音乐家和声期望的影响

本研究使用行为和计算实验的组合来测试音级内容和低音模式在谐波期望中的各自作用。在我们的前两个实验中，参与者听到了来自音乐理论教科书的典型和弦进程，并被要求评估不同目标结尾完成该进程的程度。完成包括进程的范式目标，该和弦的不同转位（即，和声的不同成员以最低的声音听到），以及“不匹配”的目标，一个与范式结尾共享其最低音高但改变其他音高的三和弦音高类内容。参与者通常对范式目标的评价最高，其次是该和弦的其他反转，通常由不匹配的目标引起的最低评价。这表明听众的谐波期望对低音模式和音级内容都很敏感。然而，这些结果并非在所有情况下都成立。进行了最终的计算实验以确定行为反应的变化是否可以通过语料库统计来解释。为此，为每个进程编制了 n-gram 和弦转换模型和频率测量。我们的研究结果表明，听众对经常出现且在音调语料库中表现一致的和弦进行具有较高的评价和更高的期望。进行了最终的计算实验以确定行为反应的变化是否可以通过语料库统计来解释。为此，为每个进程编制了 n-gram 和弦转换模型和频率测量。我们的研究结果表明，听众对经常出现且在音调语料库中表现一致的和弦进行具有较高的评价和更高的期望。进行了最终的计算实验以确定行为反应的变化是否可以通过语料库统计来解释。为此，为每个进程编制了 n-gram 和弦转换模型和频率测量。我们的研究结果表明，听众对经常出现且在音调语料库中表现一致的和弦进行具有较高的评价和更高的期望。