Practical and accurate localization systems are important to mobile targets that enable promising services such as navigation and augmented reality. With the proliferation of WiFi, existing WiFi-based localization systems have leveraged RSSI, fingerprints, landmarks, time of arrival, or angle of arrival to locate targets, while no related work pays attention to mobile targets themselves. For wheel-driven mobile targets, such as vehicles, bikes, and wheeled robots, we design and implement WheelLoc, a novel WiFi-based localization system leveraging the rotation of wheels. The specially designed WheelLoc hardware is cost-effective and self-powered with the composition of three commercial antennas and a solar cell, which is also easy to be installed on wheels. A hybrid WheelLoc algorithm is further proposed to realize accurate localization in diverse environments, whether the wheel of targets is static or mobile, indoor or outdoor, on flat or bumpy ground. The movements of individual antennas are exploited to emulate linear, cycloid, and circular antenna arrays using a new formulation of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR). Extensive experiments are conducted on bikes in the real world. Performance results demonstrate that WheelLoc does not require any user interaction, yet achieves comparable accuracy with the state-of-the-art localization systems using WiFi.

中文翻译：

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WheelLoc：通过集成传感和通信实现轮式移动目标的实用和准确定位

实用且准确的定位系统对于实现导航和增强现实等有前途的服务的移动目标非常重要。随着 WiFi 的普及，现有的基于 WiFi 的定位系统已经利用 RSSI、指纹、地标、到达时间或到达角度来定位目标，而没有相关工作关注移动目标本身。对于车轮驱动的移动目标，例如车辆、自行车和轮式机器人，我们设计并实现了 WheelLoc，这是一种利用车轮旋转的基于 WiFi 的新型定位系统。专门设计的 WheelLoc 硬件具有成本效益和自供电，由三个商用天线和一个太阳能电池组成，也很容易安装在车轮上。进一步提出了一种混合WheelLoc算法，以实现在不同环境下的精确定位，无论目标轮是静态还是移动，室内还是室外，平坦还是崎岖不平的地面。利用合成孔径雷达 (SAR) 的新公式，利用单个天线的运动来模拟线性、摆线和圆形天线阵列。在现实世界中对自行车进行了广泛的实验。性能结果表明，WheelLoc 不需要任何用户交互，但与使用 WiFi 的最先进的定位系统具有相当的准确性。和使用合成孔径雷达 (SAR) 新公式的圆形天线阵列。在现实世界中对自行车进行了广泛的实验。性能结果表明，WheelLoc 不需要任何用户交互，但与使用 WiFi 的最先进的定位系统具有相当的准确性。和使用合成孔径雷达 (SAR) 新公式的圆形天线阵列。在现实世界中对自行车进行了广泛的实验。性能结果表明，WheelLoc 不需要任何用户交互，但与使用 WiFi 的最先进的定位系统具有相当的准确性。