High entropy oxides (HEOs) have attracted wide interest for chemical catalysis owing to abundant active sites, adjustable specific surface area, stable crystal structure, extraordinary geometric compatibility, and unique electronic balance factors, exhibiting huge potential value for commercial exploitation. Here, the recent progress and current challenges of HEOs from the typical synthetic strategies, unique structural features, and intrinsic properties to applications in both thermocatalysis and electrocatalysis are comprehensively summarized. In brief, the HEOs obtained by different synthetic strategies, along with their structural features and derived physical-chemical properties endowed by the entropy-driven effect, allow them with highly efficient catalytic application performance. More important, the remarkable enhancement of catalytic performance based on the pure and modified HEOs are discussed by analyzing reaction mechanisms to further motivate the development in this emerging field. Finally, the future directions and challenging perspectives for chemical catalysis over HEOs are also put forward.

高熵氧化物（HEO）由于丰富的活性位点、可调节的比表面积、稳定的晶体结构、非凡的几何相容性和独特的电子平衡因子，在化学催化领域引起了广泛的关注，具有巨大的商业开发潜力。在这里，从典型的合成策略、独特的结构特征和内在性质到热催化和电催化应用的 HEO 的最新进展和当前挑战进行了全面总结。简而言之，通过不同的合成策略获得的 HEO，以及它们的结构特征和由熵驱动效应赋予的衍生物理化学性质，使其具有高效的催化应用性能。更重要，通过分析反应机理，讨论了基于纯 HEO 和改性 HEO 的催化性能的显着提高，以进一步推动这一新兴领域的发展。最后，还提出了 HEO 化学催化的未来方向和具有挑战性的前景。