This research, utilizing semi-structured interviews with a sample of U.S. probation officers (N = 151) and grounded theory, provides the first-known empirical study to examine ways in which implicit cognitive processes may influence how probation officers evaluate expressions of remorse by defendants during the sentencing of violent offenses. Particularly, I develop a model by which probation officers exhibit remorse bias toward defendants with characteristics that are stereotypically associated with violence and how such bias can negatively affect officers’ pre-sentencing reports and sentencing recommendations for such defendants. Data showed that officers exhibit remorse bias by linking certain personal and background characteristics of defendants that “signal” the potential for violence to implicit assumptions that their remorse displays are insincere through two social cognitive processes: fundamental attribution error and issues with out-group empathy. When probation officers exhibited remorse bias via these social cognitive processes, they described crafting

中文翻译：

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缓刑叙事中的“悔恨偏见”建模：检验量刑期间对隐性暴力的社会认知和判断

这项研究利用对美国缓刑官样本 ( N = 151)的半结构化访谈和扎根理论，提供了第一个已知的实证研究，以检验内隐认知过程可能影响缓刑官如何评估被告悔恨表达的方式在对暴力犯罪进行量刑期间。特别是，我开发了一个模型，通过该模型缓刑官员表现出悔恨偏见对具有与暴力相关的刻板特征的被告以及这种偏见如何对官员的量刑前报告和对此类被告的量刑建议产生负面影响。数据显示，警官通过将被告的某些个人和背景特征“表明”暴力的可能性与隐含的假设联系起来，从而表现出悔恨偏见，即他们的悔恨表现通过两个社会认知过程是不真诚的：基本归因错误和外群体同理心问题。当缓刑官通过这些社会认知过程表现出悔恨偏见时，他们描述了手工艺