This review highlights the advances of sulfate radical (SO₄^•−)-based advanced oxidation processes (SR-AOPs) in water remediation using waste biomass-derived carbon materials as heterogeneous catalysts. After giving a brief overview of SR-AOPs and biomass-derived carbon materials, we showcase various formation pathways of SO₄^•− during peroxydisulfate (S₂O₈²⁻) or peroxymonosulfate (HSO₅⁻) activation by various catalytic sites on carbons. The influences of water constituents or parameters and mechanism for SO₄^•− to react with organics are also summarized. We then outline challenges and future research directions to make waste biomass-derived carbon as a mainstream catalyst in SR-AOPs for industrial wastewater and water treatment.

本综述重点介绍了基于硫酸根 (SO ₄ ^•− ) 的高级氧化工艺 (SR-AOPs) 在使用废弃生物质衍生碳材料作为非均相催化剂的水修复中的进展。在简要概述了 SR-AOP 和生物质衍生的碳材料之后，我们展示了在碳上的各种催化位点激活过二硫酸盐 (S ₂ O ₈ ^2- ) 或过一硫酸盐 (HSO ₅ ^{- ) 过程中 SO} ₄ ^•−的各种形成途径. _{还总结了SO 4} ^•-与有机物反应的水成分或参数及机理的影响。然后，我们概述了使废弃生物质衍生碳成为工业废水和水处理的 SR-AOPs 的主流催化剂的挑战和未来研究方向。