Soil salinization caused by shallow, saline groundwater represents a serious threat to field productivity, especially in arid regions with intense soil evaporation. Plastic film mulching (PM) has been increasingly applied to reduce soil evaporation and alleviate soil salinity stress. However, PM introduces into the soil a significant amount of plastic residues. Although biodegradable film mulching (BM) is an ideal alternative to PM due to the degradability of these films, unreasonably high disintegration rates may reduce the benefits of the proposed solution. Understanding the effects of these factors on soil salinity is essential for designing management options for improving water productivity. A two-year cornfield experiment was therefore carried out during 2019–2020 to evaluate differences in soil salt dynamics among treatments with BMs with low, medium, and high disintegration rates (BM_L, BM_M, BM_H), one polyethylene film mulching (PM), and no mulching (NM). Additionally, the HYDRUS-2D model was used to evaluate the electrical conductivity of the saturation paste extract (ECe), soil salt fluxes, salt distributions, and salt mass balances in two-dimensional soil profiles under BM_L, BM_M, BM_H, PM, and NM. The results showed that calibrated HYDRUS-2D could precisely simulate soil salinity under different mulching treatments. There were large differences between various treatments in the middle and late crop growth stages (Days After Sowing [DAS] 61–140). The highest ECe among different BM treatments occurred in BM_H. Additionally, the two-dimensional distribution of soil salinity under BM was affected by irrigation events. The high soil salinity stress area (ECe > 3.80 dS m⁻¹) occurred one day after irrigation (DAS 108) only under BM_H among different BM treatments. Meanwhile, root water uptake (RWU) and crop yield (CY) under BM_H were significantly reduced due to excessive accumulation of soil salinity in the root zone under intensive soil evaporation conditions. Compared with BM_H and BM_M, BM_L increased CY and the leaching ratio of soil salts from the root zone due to its good performance in water conservation. Thus, BM with a low disintegration rate is more efficient in controlling soil salinization in soils with a shallow groundwater table than BMs with higher disintegration rates due to lower soil evaporation. The findings of this study improve the understanding of the mechanisms of salt dynamics under biodegradable film mulching with different disintegration rates. The study also recommends to the farmers and government a suitable disintegration rate of the biodegradable film that can be adopted to promote field productivity.

由浅层含盐地下水引起的土壤盐渍化对田间生产力构成严重威胁，尤其是在土壤蒸发剧烈的干旱地区。塑料薄膜覆盖 (PM) 已越来越多地应用于减少土壤蒸发和缓解土壤盐分胁迫。然而，PM 将大量塑料残留物引入土壤。尽管由于这些薄膜的可降解性，可生物降解薄膜覆盖 (BM) 是 PM 的理想替代品，但不合理的高崩解率可能会降低所提出解决方案的好处。了解这些因素对土壤盐分的影响对于设计提高水生产力的管理方案至关重要。_L , BM _M , BM _H ), 一层聚乙烯薄膜覆盖 (PM), 和不覆盖 (NM)。此外，利用 HYDRUS-2D 模型评估了BM _L、 BM _M、 BM _H下二维土壤剖面中饱和糊状提取物 ( EC e) 的电导率、土壤盐通量、盐分布和盐质量平衡。 、 PM 和 NM。结果表明，校准后的 HYDRUS-2D 可以精确模拟不同覆盖处理下的土壤盐分。在作物生长中期和后期（播种后天数 [DAS] 61-140），各种处理之间存在很大差异。不同BM处理中EC e最高的是BM _H。此外，BM下土壤盐分的二维分布受到灌溉事件的影响。在不同的BM处理中，仅在BM _H下灌溉后一天（DAS 108）出现高土壤盐分胁迫区（ECe  > 3.80 dS m ^{-1 ）。}同时，在土壤强烈蒸发条件下，由于根区土壤盐分的过度积累，BM _H下的根系吸水量（RWU）和作物产量（CY ）显着降低。与BM _H和BM _M相比，BM _L增加CY由于其良好的保水性能，土壤盐分从根区的淋溶率。因此，在地下水位较浅的土壤中，具有低崩解率的 BM 在控制土壤盐渍化方面比由于土壤蒸发较低而具有较高崩解率的 BM 更有效。这项研究的结果提高了对不同崩解率可生物降解薄膜覆盖下盐动力学机制的理解。该研究还向农民和政府推荐了可用于提高田间生产力的可生物降解薄膜的合适分解率。