Near-infrared fluorescence imaging has gained a lot of attention in biomedicine by virtue of its high sensitivity, high specificity, and many other advantages. Moreover, near-infrared II (NIR-II) fluorescence imaging can further enhance the imaging effect by greatly reducing the absorption, scattering, and autofluorescence of biological tissues, which has pushed the research on fluorescence imaging to a climax. So far, through the unremitting efforts of scholars, the development of NIR-II fluorescent probe has made remarkable progress, especially as the most advantageous organic small molecule fluorophore among fluorescent probes. It has become the main research direction of many scholars. In this review, I summarize the latest progress of organic small molecule fluorescent probes that can be used for NIR-II imaging, including the structure of fluorescent molecules, methods to improve the performance of fluorescent molecules, the delivery of fluorescent probes in organisms, and their applications in biological imaging and tumor therapy.

近红外荧光成像凭借其高灵敏度、高特异性等诸多优势，在生物医学领域备受关注。此外，近红外II（NIR-II）荧光成像可以通过大大降低生物组织的吸收、散射和自发荧光来进一步增强成像效果，将荧光成像的研究推向了高潮。迄今为止，经过学者们的不懈努力，NIR-II荧光探针的开发取得了显着进展，尤其是作为荧光探针中最具优势的有机小分子荧光团。已成为许多学者的主要研究方向。在这篇综述中，我总结了可用于NIR-II成像的有机小分子荧光探针的最新进展，