Intimate partner violence (IPV) can involve patterns of physical, sexual and emotional abuse. Women typically experience physical IPV in combination with emotional IPV, while emotional IPV is often experienced in the absence of other types of IPV. There is very little known about women's experiences of these different types of IPV over time. The primary aim of this paper is to describe patterns in women's individual experiences of physical and/or emotional IPV across the first 10 years of motherhood. Data were drawn from a prospective pregnancy cohort of 1507 first-time mothers in Melbourne, Australia. Emotional, physical, and combined physical and emotional IPV were reported in the first, fourth and tenth year of motherhood using the Composite Abuse Scale. The overall prevalence of each type of IPV remained consistent across the three time-points, with emotional IPV alone being the most prevalent. There was substantial variability in women's experiences of IPV over time and there was no common progression from one type of IPV to another. Women were more likely to report IPV at more than one time-point if they experienced combined physical and emotional IPV, while for women who reported emotional or physical IPV alone this was more likely to be at a single time-point. A number of socio-demographic characteristics in early pregnancy were associated with a higher risk of reporting IPV at all three time-points, including being unemployed (RRR = 3.6; 95% CI: 2.1, 6.2) and being aged 18-24 years (RRR = 3.1; 95% CI: 1.8, 5.4). Knowledge of the variability and persistence of IPV in the first 10 years of motherhood, and factors associated with these experiences, can help tailor effective health and social service responses.

中文翻译：

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可视化女性在成为母亲的前 10 年中遭受亲密伴侣暴力的模式。

亲密伴侣暴力 (IPV) 可能涉及身体、性和情感虐待的模式。女性通常会同时经历身体 IPV 和情感 IPV，而情感 IPV 通常在没有其他类型 IPV 的情况下经历。随着时间的推移，人们对这些不同类型的 IPV 的女性经历知之甚少。本文的主要目的是描述女性在成为母亲的前 10 年中身体和/或情感 IPV 的个人经历模式。数据来自澳大利亚墨尔本 1507 名初为人母的前瞻性妊娠队列。使用复合虐待量表，在成为母亲的第一年、第四年和第十年报告了情感、身体以及身体和情感相结合的 IPV。每种类型的 IPV 的总体流行率在三个时间点上保持一致，仅情感 IPV 最为流行。随着时间的推移，女性对 IPV 的体验存在很大差异，并且从一种类型的 IPV 到另一种类型的 IPV 没有共同的进展。如果女性同时经历过身体和情感 IPV，则她们更有可能在多个时间点报告 IPV，而对于仅报告情感或身体 IPV 的女性，这更有可能在一个时间点发生。早孕期的一些社会人口统计学特征与在所有三个时间点报告 IPV 的较高风险相关，包括失业（RRR = 3.6；95% CI：2.1、6.2）和年龄在 18-24 岁之间（ RRR = 3.1；95% CI：1.8，5.4）。