Aims

Climate change imposes adaptation of viticulture in risk areas, such as the Mediterranean. Mycorrhization is a valid tool to reduce the impact of the expected temperature/drought increase. Aim of this work was to test the effects of mycorrhization on grapevine vegetative growth, element composition of soil/leaves, and microbiota of bulk soil/rhizosphere/endorhiza, in the field, under exacerbated summer stress conditions obtained by planting the rootstocks in June.

Methods

118 rooted cuttings of 1103-Paulsen (Vitis berlandieri × Vitis rupestris) were planted in Salento (Apulia, Southern Italy); about half of them were mycorrhized. Leaf Area Index, shoot growth and survival rate were monitored across two growing seasons. Leaf/shoot weight, chemical analysis of 25 elements, and 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding of bulk soil/rhizosphere/endorhiza were performed on subsamples.

Results

Mycorrhized plants showed significantly higher survival rate and growth, and accumulated significantly higher amounts of 18 elements. 27 endorhizal OTUs (representing ~20% of total sequences) were differently distributed (20 OTUs more abundant in mycorrhized plants); in the rhizosphere, instead, 12 OTUs (~2.5% of total sequences) were differently distributed. A few Actinobacterial OTUs were enriched by mycorrhization in the root endosphere; the same OTUs were the most correlated with the chemical elements, suggesting a role in element dynamics. These OTUs were not hub taxa of the co-occurrence network.

Conclusions

This work shed light onto the interactions between mycorrhiza and microbiome, in the context of plant element dynamics, which is useful to identify potential target candidates for biotechnological applications, thus moving towards a more sustainable, ecosystem-based viticulture.

中文翻译：

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夏季胁迫加剧下的葡萄园建设：菌根化对砧木农艺参数、叶元素组成和根相关细菌微生物群的影响

目标

气候变化迫使葡萄栽培适应风险地区，如地中海。菌根化是减少预期温度/干旱增加影响的有效工具。这项工作的目的是在 6 月份种植砧木获得的夏季加剧胁迫条件下，在田间测试菌根化对葡萄营养生长、土壤/叶子的元素组成和大块土壤/根际/内生根的微生物群的影响。

方法

在萨伦托（意大利南部普利亚）种植了118 根 1103-Paulsen（Vitis berlandieri × Vitis rupestris ）的生根插条；其中大约一半是菌根化的。在两个生长季节监测叶面积指数、枝条生长和存活率。对子样本进行叶/枝​​重、25 种元素的化学分析和大块土壤/根际/内生根的 16S rRNA 基因元条形码编码。

结果

菌根化植物表现出显着更高的存活率和生长，并且积累了显着更高量的18种元素。27 个内生 OTU（约占总序列的 20%）分布不同（20 个 OTU 在菌根植物中更丰富）；相反，在根际，12 个 OTU（约占总序列的 2.5%）分布不同。一些放线菌 OTU 通过根内球的菌根化而富集；相同的 OTU 与化学元素最相关，表明在元素动力学中起作用。这些 OTU 不是共现网络的中心分类单元。

结论

这项工作揭示了植物元素动力学背景下菌根和微生物组之间的相互作用，这有助于确定生物技术应用的潜在目标候选者，从而朝着更可持续的、基于生态系统的葡萄栽培迈进。