An efficient and highly selective heterogeneous catalyst system for nitrile hydrogenation was developed using unsupported palladium nanopores (PdNPore). The PdNPore-catalyzed selective hydrogenation of nitriles proceeded smoothly, without any additives, under mild conditions (low H₂ pressure and low temperature) to yield primary amines with satisfactory to excellent yields. Systematic studies demonstrated that the high activity and excellent selectivity of the PdNPore originated from its good Lewis acidity and porous structure. No palladium leached from the PdNPore during the hydrogenation reaction. Moreover, the catalyst was easily recovered and reused without any loss of catalytic activity. A deuterium-hydrogen exchange reaction clearly indicated that the present hydrogenation involves heterolytic H₂ splitting on the surface of the PdNPore catalyst.

中文翻译：

---

无载体纳米多孔钯催化剂催化腈加氢制伯胺：了解催化剂高活性和高选择性的本质原因

使用无负载钯纳米孔 (PdNPore) 开发了一种用于腈加氢的高效且高选择性的多相催化剂体系。_{PdNPore催化的腈选择性加氢在温和条件（低H 2}压力和低温）下顺利进行，无需任何添加剂，得到伯胺，收率令人满意。系统研究表明，PdNPore 的高活性和优异的选择性源于其良好的路易斯酸性和多孔结构。在氢化反应过程中，钯没有从 PdNPore 中浸出。此外，催化剂易于回收和再利用，催化活性没有任何损失。氘-氢交换反应清楚地表明目前的氢化涉及异裂 H₂在 PdNPore 催化剂表面发生分裂。