Abstract

The potential to organize steady-state self-sustaining processes of the softening–desalination of brackish water was studied in a numerical experiment on the example of multicomponent model solutions containing sodium and calcium chlorides and sulfates. In the steady-state, self-sustaining processes of softening, water is subjected to desalination by means of a cation-exchange resin, and the formed brine is used to regenerate this cation-exchange resin in repeated sorption–desorption cycles without the addition of any surplus reagents. The interest in self-sustaining processes is associated with new technological opportunities in the creation of a new generation of water-treatment systems, e.g., mobile, stand-alone setups or systems with a high degree of freshwater recovery. The calculations of ion-exchange dynamics have been carried out for dozens of consecutive softening–desalination cycles via changes in the varied parameters, in particular, the ratio of components in the initial solution and the composition of desalted water. The conditions under which no steady-state regimes are formed or attained are shown. Based on the results of numerical experiments, a criterial relationship for the preliminary estimation of the feasibility of self-sustaining processes is proposed.

中文翻译：

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自我维持的水软化-脱盐过程：氯化物-硫酸盐系统

摘要

在包含氯化钠和氯化钙和硫酸盐的多组分模型溶液示例的数值实验中，研究了组织微咸水软化-脱盐的稳态自我维持过程的潜力。在稳定的、自持的软化过程中，水通过阳离子交换树脂进行脱盐，形成的盐水用于在重复的吸附-解吸循环中再生该阳离子交换树脂，而无需添加任何多余的试剂。对自我维持过程的兴趣与创造新一代水处理系统的新技术机会相关，例如移动、独立装置或具有高度淡水回收的系统。通过改变不同的参数，特别是初始溶液中组分的比例和脱盐水的组成，已经对数十个连续的软化-脱盐循环进行了离子交换动力学的计算。显示了没有形成或达到稳定状态的条件。基于数值实验的结果，提出了一种用于初步估计自我维持过程可行性的标准关系。