For higher resolution, next-generation space telescopes would be equipped with 10–20 m scale membrane diffractive primary lenses, and would have 100 m scale focal length. The large and flexible structure makes high-accuracy and high-stability control a great challenge. Specifically, both high-frequency and low-frequency disturbances must be attenuated, and the relative motion between the primary lens and the receiver (composed of the correcting optics and the imaging sensor) must be controlled. This paper presents a novel integrated control scheme to achieve the strict control goals. The dynamic model of a membrane diffractive space telescope is presented, where both high-frequency and low-frequency disturbances are considered. Nonlinear deformation of the flexible structure is also taken into account. The integrated control scheme consists of 3 parts: (1) an Agile Stable Precision platform (ASP), which can not only reduce the high-frequency vibrations for the receiver but also act as the actuator in the receiver control system; (2) a neural network controller for the spacecraft bus, which control the attitude of the spacecraft bus under uncertain low-frequency disturbances; (3) a finite-time neural network controller for the receiver to make the relative position and attitude of the receiver track on the expected state as fast as possible. Numerical simulations were carried out to verify the superiority of the integrated control scheme. Compared with traditional single stage spacecraft control (i.e., without the ASP), the accuracy and stability of the relative position and attitude are improved by at least one order of magnitude, and the settling time is greatly reduced.

为了获得更高的分辨率，下一代太空望远镜将配备 10-20 m 尺度的膜衍射主透镜，并具有 100 m 尺度的焦距。大而灵活的结构使高精度和高稳定性控制成为一个巨大的挑战。具体来说，必须衰减高频和低频干扰，并且必须控制主透镜和接收器（由校正光学器件和成像传感器组成）之间的相对运动。本文提出了一种新颖的集成控制方案，以实现严格的控制目标。提出了膜衍射空间望远镜的动态模型，其中考虑了高频和低频扰动。还考虑了柔性结构的非线性变形。集成控制方案由三部分组成：（1）敏捷稳定精密平台（ASP），不仅可以减少接收机的高频振动，还可以作为接收机控制系统中的执行器；(2) 航天器总线神经网络控制器，控制航天器总线在不确定低频扰动下的姿态；(3)接收机的有限时间神经网络控制器，使接收机的相对位置和姿态尽可能快地跟踪到预期状态。通过数值模拟验证了综合控制方案的优越性。与传统的单级航天器控制（即不带ASP）相比，相对位置和姿态的精度和稳定性至少提高了一个数量级，