Until recently, high-resolution global modeling of tides has been done separately from high-resolution global modeling of the atmospherically-forced oceanic general circulation. Here we review the emerging class of high-resolution global models that are simultaneously forced by both atmospheric fields and the astronomical tidal potential. Such models simulate barotropic (surface) tides, internal tides, near-inertial motions, the eddying general oceanic circulation, and a partially resolved internal gravity wave (IGW) continuum spectrum (Garrett-Munk spectrum) simultaneously. We review the technical aspects of such global models and their myriad applications, for example, in satellite oceanography, operational oceanography, boundary forcing of regional models, tidal-cryosphere interactions, and assessment of future coastal flooding hazards in a changing climate with altered tides.

直到最近，潮汐的高分辨率全球建模与大气强迫海洋环流的高分辨率全球建模是分开进行的。在这里，我们回顾了同时受大气场和天文潮汐势影响的新兴一类高分辨率全球模型。此类模型同时模拟正压（表面）潮汐、内部潮汐、近惯性运动、涡流一般海洋环流和部分解析的内部重力波 (IGW) 连续谱（Garrett-Munk 谱）。我们回顾了此类全球模型的技术方面及其无数应用，例如卫星海洋学、业务海洋学、区域模型的边界强迫、潮汐-冰冻圈相互作用、