The development of new and more accurate fabrication technologies has, in the past few years, boosted interest in advanced device manufacturing. 2D materials, thanks to their diverse properties and dispersibility in liquid carriers, constitute a rich toolbox for ink-based applications. However, the lack of standardized production methods offering a good compromise between performance and affordability has so far been a limiting factor for the application of 2D inks. In this Review, we provide a comprehensive description of the steps involved in device fabrication for different applications, from material selection and ink formulation to printing strategies and device assembly. We conclude with a critical overview of the main scientific and technical limitations currently faced by 2D inks and the related printing technologies, and discuss their market penetration and implementation stage.

在过去的几年里，新的和更精确的制造技术的发展提高了人们对先进设备制造的兴趣。二维材料由于其在液体载体中的多样化特性和分散性，构成了基于墨水的应用的丰富工具箱。然而，迄今为止，缺乏在性能和可负担性之间提供良好折衷的标准化生产方法一直是二维墨水应用的限制因素。在这篇评论中，我们全面描述了不同应用的设备制造所涉及的步骤，从材料选择和墨水配方到打印策略和设备组装。最后，我们对 2D 墨水和相关打印技术目前面临的主要科学和技术限制进行了批判性概述，