Victims of substance-involved sexual assault often experience worse post-assault outcomes than other sexual assault victims. These outcomes may be exacerbated by their heightened risk of receiving negative reactions when disclosing their assault to informal disclosure recipients, such as friends, family members, and intimate partners. To date, little research has explored the associations between informal disclosure recipient and receipt of positive and negative reactions among victims of substance-involved sexual assault. Our sample included data about 400 victims of substance-involved sexual assault (91% women; 30% minors) who visited an anonymous sexual assault hotline and discussed reactions received during their first disclosure to an informal support provider. Using logistic regressions, we examined how the type of informal recipient to whom the victim disclosed was associated with receipt of positive and negative reactions, controlling for individual and situational characteristics (e.g., victim gender, perpetrator). Negative reactions were more common than positive reactions (65% vs. 47% of victims, respectively). Victims who disclosed to family members had lower odds of receiving positive reactions and higher odds of receiving negative reactions than those who disclosed to friends and intimate partners. Results support previous research that victims of substance-involved sexual assault commonly receive negative disclosure reactions, especially when disclosing to family members. Future work is needed to identify best strategies for improving support providers' responses to sexual assault disclosure, such as recent interventions focused on educating potential recipients about how to respond to disclosures. Further, our results highlight the utility of sexual assault hotlines as a data source for understanding the disclosure experiences of stigmatized victims underrepresented in traditional research.

中文翻译：

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对涉及物质的性侵犯披露的社会反应：接受者重要吗？

与其他性侵犯受害者相比，涉及物质的性侵犯的受害者往往经历更糟糕的袭击后结果。当他们向非正式披露接受者（如朋友、家人和亲密伴侣）披露他们的攻击时，他们受到负面反应的风险增加，可能会加剧这些结果。迄今为止，很少有研究探讨非正式披露接受者与涉及物质的性侵犯受害者的正面和负面反应之间的关联。我们的样本包括有关 400 名涉及物质的性侵犯受害者（91% 为女性；30% 为未成年人）的数据，他们访问了匿名性侵犯热线，并讨论了他们在首次向非正式支持提供者披露时收到的反应。使用逻辑回归，我们研究了受害人向其披露的非正式接受者的类型如何与收到的正面和负面反应相关联，控制了个人和情境特征（例如，受害人性别，犯罪者）。负面反应比正面反应更常见（分别为 65% 和 47% 的受害者）。与向朋友和亲密伴侣透露的受害者相比，向家人透露的受害者获得正面反应的几率较低，而获得负面反应的几率更高。结果支持之前的研究，即涉及物质的性侵犯的受害者通常会收到负面的披露反应，尤其是在向家庭成员披露时。未来的工作需要确定改善支持提供者对性侵犯披露的反应的最佳策略，例如最近的干预措施侧重于教育潜在的接受者如何应对披露。此外，我们的结果强调了性侵犯热线作为数据源的效用，可用于了解在传统研究中代表性不足的受污名化受害者的披露经历。