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Review of cool-season turfgrass water use and requirements: I. Evapotranspiration and responses to deficit irrigation
Crop Science ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2022-05-25 , DOI: 10.1002/csc2.20791
Ross C. Braun 1 , Dale J. Bremer 1 , Jeffrey Scott Ebdon 2 , Jack D. Fry 1 , Aaron J. Patton 3
Affiliation  

Knowledge of water use rates and responses to deficit irrigation practices in cool-season turfgrasses is important, particularly in climates where irrigation is required to maintain turf quality. This is Part I of two companion papers reviewing cool-season turfgrass water use and requirements. Part I presents the history of early water conservation and quantification methods in turfgrass and summarizes research on cool-season turfgrass evapotranspiration (ET) and deficit irrigation. Part II summarizes research on cool-season turfgrass drought resistance completed since 1980. Summaries of research from > 60 experiments related to ET include: measured ET rates in various climates; comparisons of actual ET to estimated ET; crop coefficients; deficit irrigation; and how plant characteristics and management practices influence ET. Summarized daily evapotranspiration (ETc) rates for Agrostis L. spp., fine fescues (Festuca L. spp.), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), Lolium spp., and Poa spp. were a weighted average ETc and coefficient of variation (CV) of 6.12 (19.0%), 5.52 (16.8%), 7.79 (14.5%), 5.90 (19.9%), and 5.35 (30.2%) mm d–1, respectively, with an overall ETc of 6.25 mm d–1 (26.9%). Average crop coefficients have ranged from 0.85 to 0.95 (0.91 weighted average across species) and vary slightly during growing months. Minimum deficit irrigation replacement levels for acceptable turf quality have ranged from 59 to 74% of ET under different irrigation intervals. Further study is warranted to investigate differences in crop coefficients among cultivars within species, cultural influences, deficit irrigation replacement levels, and to standardize measurement protocol to improve consistency in crop coefficients across future turfgrass experiments.

中文翻译:

冷季型草坪草用水和需求回顾:I. 蒸散量和对缺水灌溉的响应

了解冷季草坪的用水率和对不足灌溉做法的反应非常重要,特别是在需要灌溉以保持草坪质量的气候中。这是回顾冷季草坪用水和要求的两篇配套论文的第一部分。第一部分介绍了草坪草早期水分保持和量化方法的历史,总结了冷季草坪草蒸散(ET)和亏缺灌溉的研究。第二部分总结了自 1980 年以来完成的冷季型草坪草抗旱性研究。来自 60 多个与 ET 相关的实验的研究总结包括:在各种气候下测量的 ET 率;实际 ET 与估计 ET 的比较;作物系数;灌溉不足;以及植物特征和管理实践如何影响 ET。c ) Agrostis L. spp.、细羊茅 ( Festuca L. spp.)、高羊茅 ( Festuca arundinacea Schreb.)、黑麦草属和早熟禾属的比率。加权平均 ET c和变异系数 (CV) 分别为 6.12 (19.0%)、5.52 (16.8%)、7.79 (14.5%)、5.90 (19.9%) 和 5.35 (30.2%) mm d –1 , 总 ET c为 6.25 mm d –1(26.9%)。平均作物系数在 0.85 到 0.95 之间(不同物种的加权平均值为 0.91),并且在生长月份中略有不同。在不同灌溉间隔下,可接受的草坪质量的最低缺水灌溉替代水平范围为 ET 的 59% 至 74%。有必要进一步研究以调查物种内栽培品种间作物系数的差异、文化影响、亏缺灌溉替代水平,并标准化测量方案以提高未来草坪试验作物系数的一致性。
更新日期:2022-05-25
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