Under the AKP government,Turkey’s foreign policy towards the Western Balkans, and Bosnia and Herzegovinain particular, has led many analysts to suspect it of possessing neo-imperial, orso-called neo-Ottoman, objectives. These suspicions have been compounded by therepeated declarations of former Prime Minister Davutoğlu and current PresidentErdoğan that the history and religious identity shared by Turks and WesternBalkan Muslims forms the basis of both Turkish-Balkan relations and a commonfuture. Critical examination of official Ankara’s attitudes toward the WesternBalkans in general, and especially Bosnia and Herzegovina, identifies fourdistinct phases in which cultural, historical, and religious appeals morphedinto the set of distinctive foreign policies. These policies have also beenshaped by pragmatic pursuits of regional influence, the effects of internal (Turkish)transformations, and more recently, the ad hoc policies of President Erdoğan. This article will reconstructthe development of Turkish foreign policy since 1990, from multilateral andsoft power efforts to religious and economic objectives, and will analyse thelimits of this policy.

中文翻译：

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土耳其对西巴尔干地区外交政策的发展，重点是波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那

在正义与发展党政府的领导下，土耳其对西巴尔干地区，特别是波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那的外交政策，导致许多分析人士怀疑其拥有新帝国或所谓的新奥斯曼帝国目标。前总理达武特奥卢和现任总统埃尔多安一再声明，土耳其人和西巴尔干穆斯林共同的历史和宗教身份构成了土耳其-巴尔干关系和共同未来的基础，这使这些怀疑更加复杂。对安卡拉官方对整个西巴尔干地区，尤其是对波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那的态度的批判性考察，确定了文化、历史和宗教诉求演变为一套独特的外交政策的四个不同阶段。这些政策也受到区域影响力的务实追求的影响，内部（土耳其）转型的影响，以及最近埃尔多安总统的临时政策。本文将重构土耳其自 1990 年以来外交政策的发展，从多边和软实力努力到宗教和经济目标，并将分析该政策的局限性。