Peer victimization is a well-established risk factor for children's internalizing problems. We longitudinally examined the moderating role of children's early perceptions of positive peer relationships and inhibitory control on the association between peer victimization at age 6 and internalizing symptoms at age 10. Perceptions of peer relationships and inhibitory control were assessed via child interviews and behavioral tasks when children were 5 years old (n = 205, 51% female). Peer victimization was assessed via sociometric peer nominations. Internalizing symptoms were assessed via maternal report at age 10. Results indicated that, for children who perceived fewer positive peer relationships at age 5, higher rates of peer victimization at age 6 were associated with more internalizing problems at age 10. This pattern was also found for children with lower inhibitory control. Findings highlight that children's early individual difference factors should be considered when conceptualizing risk for internalizing symptoms posed by peer victimization.

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儿童的同伴受害和内化症状：抑制控制和感知的积极同伴关系的作用

同伴受害是儿童内化问题的公认风险因素。我们纵向研究了儿童早期对积极同伴关系的感知和抑制控制对 6 岁时同伴受害与 10 岁时内化症状之间关联的调节作用。通过儿童访谈和儿童行为任务评估同伴关系和抑制控制的感知。 5 岁（n = 205，51% 为女性）。通过社会计量学同行提名评估同行受害情况。通过 10 岁时的母亲报告评估内化症状。结果表明，对于在 5 岁时感知到较少积极同伴关系的儿童，6 岁时同伴受害率较高与 10 岁时出现更多内化问题相关。在抑制控制较低的儿童中也发现了这种模式。研究结果强调，在概念化同伴受害所带来的内化症状风险时，应考虑儿童的早期个体差异因素。