Policies impacting forest management on privately-owned lands demonstrate remarkable variety across the United States, with each state emphasizing different approaches to balancing private property rights with the protection of public trust resources. Though private property rights are historically paramount in the US, previous researchers have identified a variety of policy approaches on private forest lands, from regulatory to non-regulatory. We expand on these categories through a discourse analysis of state-produced documents (including legislation, rules, and best management practices manuals). Through this analysis, we create a typology of categories that express assumptions about landowner behavior and the appropriate role of state intervention. The typology identifies four discourse categories used to varying degrees within each state: landowner stewardship, forestry expert stewardship, science-bureaucracy, and participatory conservation. This typology allows for comparison of policy approaches and comparison across resources and jurisdictions.

影响私有土地森林管理的政策在美国各地表现出显着差异，每个州都强调平衡私有财产权与保护公共信托资源的不同方法。尽管私有财产权在美国历来是最重要的，但以前的研究人员已经确定了从监管到非监管的各种私有林地政策方法。我们通过对国家产生的文件（包括立法、规则和最佳管理实践手册）的话语分析来扩展这些类别。通过这种分析，我们创建了一个类别类型，表达了关于土地所有者行为和国家干预的适当作用的假设。该类型学确定了在每个州内不同程度地使用的四种话语类别：土地所有者管理、林业专家管理、科学官僚和参与性保护。这种类型允许比较政策方法以及跨资源和司法管辖区的比较。