The search for new materials is intimately linked to the development of synthesis methods. In the current urge for the sustainable synthesis of materials, taking inspiration from Nature's ways to process matter appears as a virtuous approach. In this review, we address the concept of geoinspiration for the design of new materials and the exploration of new synthesis pathways. In geoinspiration, materials scientists take inspiration from the key features of various geological systems and processes occurring in nature, to trigger the formation of artificial materials and nanomaterials. We discuss several case studies of materials and nanomaterials to highlight the basic geoinspiration concepts underlying some synthesis methods: syntheses in water and supercritical water, thermal shock syntheses, molten salt synthesis and high pressure synthesis. We show that the materials emerging from geoinspiration exhibit properties differing from materials obtained by other pathways, thus demonstrating that the field opens up avenues to new families of materials and nanomaterials. This review focuses on synthesis methodologies, by drawing connections between geosciences and materials chemistry, nanosciences, green chemistry, and environmental sciences.

中文翻译：

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受地质启发的材料和纳米材料合成

寻找新材料与合成方法的发展密切相关。在当前对材料的可持续合成的迫切要求中，从大自然处理物质的方式中汲取灵感似乎是一种良性的方法。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了用于设计新材料和探索新合成途径的地理灵感概念。在地质灵感中，材料科学家从自然界中发生的各种地质​​系统和过程的关键特征中汲取灵感，以触发人造材料和纳米材料的形成。我们讨论了材料和纳米材料的几个案例研究，以突出一些合成方法背后的基本地球灵感概念：水和超临界水中的合成、热冲击合成、熔盐合成和高压合成。我们表明，来自地球灵感的材料表现出不同于通过其他途径获得的材料的特性，从而表明该领域为新的材料和纳米材料家族开辟了道路。本综述着重于合成方法，通过绘制地球科学与材料化学、纳米科学、绿色化学和环境科学之间的联系。